{
  "id": "nexus-ext-1-0004-392614",
  "citation": "Res. 01372-2026 Sala Primera de la Corte",
  "section": "nexus_decisions",
  "doc_type": "court_decision",
  "title_es": "Competencia contencioso-administrativa sobre terreno fronterizo demanial",
  "title_en": "Administrative-litigation jurisdiction over public-domain border land",
  "summary_es": "La Sala Primera examina una demanda de interdicto de amparo de posesión relativa a una presunta servidumbre sobre una finca situada tanto en la zona fronteriza entre Costa Rica y Nicaragua como dentro del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Corredor Fronterizo con Nicaragua, creado mediante el Decreto Ejecutivo 22962. Señala que el inmueble está sujeto a una doble declaratoria de demanialidad, con fundamento en el artículo 7 de la Ley de Tierras y Colonización, los artículos 13 y 14 de la Ley Forestal y el artículo 32 de la Ley Orgánica del Ambiente. Aunque los terrenos puedan destinarse a uso agrario, sus características demaniales revelan un interés estatal evidente y los excluyen del comercio por tratarse de una zona inalienable. En consecuencia, el voto 1372-C-2026 atribuye a la jurisdicción contencioso-administrativa y civil de Hacienda la tutela de esos intereses públicos, conforme a los artículos 1 y 36 del Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo.",
  "summary_en": "The First Chamber examines an action seeking an interdicto de amparo de posesión, a summary proceeding for protection of possession, concerning an alleged easement over property located both in the Costa Rica-Nicaragua border zone and within the Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Corredor Fronterizo con Nicaragua, created by Executive Decree 22962. It states that the property is subject to two declarations of public-domain status under Article 7 of the Land and Colonization Law, Articles 13 and 14 of the Forestry Law, and Article 32 of the Organic Environmental Law. Although the land may be used for agricultural purposes, its public-domain characteristics establish an evident state interest and place it outside private commerce because the zone is inalienable. Accordingly, decision 1372-C-2026 assigns protection of those public interests to the administrative-litigation and Civil Treasury jurisdiction under Articles 1 and 36 of the Administrative Litigation Procedure Code.",
  "court_or_agency": "Sala Primera de la Corte",
  "date": "10/09/2026",
  "year": "2026",
  "topic_ids": [],
  "primary_topic_id": null,
  "es_concept_hints": [
    "interdicto de amparo de posesión",
    "demanialidad",
    "servidumbre",
    "zona fronteriza",
    "jurisdicción contencioso-administrativa",
    "Civil de Hacienda",
    "Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre",
    "bienes fuera del comercio"
  ],
  "article_citations": [
    {
      "law": "Ley de Tierras y Colonización (ITCO INDER)",
      "article": "7",
      "doc_id": "norm-32840",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Ley 2825",
      "article": "7",
      "doc_id": "norm-32840",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Ley Orgánica del Ambiente",
      "article": "32",
      "doc_id": "norm-27738",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Ley 7554",
      "article": "32",
      "doc_id": "norm-27738",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Ley Forestal",
      "article": "13",
      "doc_id": "norm-41661",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Ley 7575",
      "article": "13",
      "doc_id": "norm-41661",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Ley Forestal",
      "article": "14",
      "doc_id": "norm-41661",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Ley 7575",
      "article": "14",
      "doc_id": "norm-41661",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Código Procesal Contencioso-Administrativo",
      "article": "1",
      "doc_id": "norm-57436",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Ley 8508",
      "article": "1",
      "doc_id": "norm-57436",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Código Procesal Contencioso-Administrativo",
      "article": "36",
      "doc_id": "norm-57436",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Ley 8508",
      "article": "36",
      "doc_id": "norm-57436",
      "source": "metadata"
    }
  ],
  "keywords_es": [
    "interdicto de amparo de posesión",
    "servidumbre",
    "zona fronteriza",
    "demanialidad",
    "bienes demaniales",
    "inalienabilidad",
    "jurisdicción contencioso-administrativa",
    "Civil de Hacienda",
    "Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre",
    "Corredor Fronterizo con Nicaragua",
    "uso agrario",
    "interés estatal",
    "Ley Forestal",
    "Ley Orgánica del Ambiente"
  ],
  "keywords_en": [
    "summary protection of possession",
    "easement",
    "border zone",
    "public-domain status",
    "public-domain property",
    "inalienability",
    "administrative-litigation jurisdiction",
    "Civil Treasury jurisdiction",
    "national wildlife refuge",
    "Nicaragua border corridor",
    "agricultural use",
    "state interest",
    "Forestry Law",
    "Organic Environmental Law"
  ],
  "excerpt_es": "En la demanda se presenta una solicitud de interdicto de amparo de posesión sobre la presunta servidumbre de una finca que se ubica en la zona fronteriza de Costa Rica y Nicaragua y adicionalmente dentro del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Corredor Fronterizo con Nicaragua (Decreto Ejecutivo 22962), por lo que es una zona revestida de una doble declaratoria de demanialidad (artículos 7 Ley de Tierras y Colonización; 13, 14 Ley Forestal y 32 Ley Orgánica del Ambiente).\n\nAsí, al estar en presencia de terrenos que, aunque sean de uso agrario, tienen características de demanialidad, sobre los que existe un evidente interés estatal, dada su naturaleza y exclusión del comercio de los hombres, por ser una zona inalienable, la jurisdicción Contencioso Administrativa y Civil de Hacienda tutela dichos intereses públicos (ordinales 1 y 36 Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo) (voto 1372-C-2026).",
  "excerpt_en": "The complaint seeks an interdicto de amparo de posesión, a summary proceeding for protection of possession, concerning an alleged easement over property located in the Costa Rica-Nicaragua border zone and also within the Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Corredor Fronterizo con Nicaragua (Executive Decree 22962); the area is therefore subject to two declarations of public-domain status (Article 7 of the Land and Colonization Law; Articles 13 and 14 of the Forestry Law; and Article 32 of the Organic Environmental Law).\n\nThus, because the lands, although used for agricultural purposes, have public-domain characteristics and are subject to an evident state interest, given their nature, their exclusion from private commerce, and the inalienability of the zone, the administrative-litigation and Civil Treasury jurisdiction protects those public interests (Articles 1 and 36 of the Administrative Litigation Procedure Code) (decision 1372-C-2026).",
  "outcome": {
    "label_en": "Administrative jurisdiction",
    "label_es": "Competencia contenciosa",
    "summary_en": "The First Chamber determined that the administrative-litigation and Civil Treasury jurisdiction protects the public interests associated with the protected border-zone land because of its dual public-domain status, inalienability, and exclusion from private commerce.",
    "summary_es": "La Sala Primera determinó que la jurisdicción contencioso-administrativa y civil de Hacienda tutela los intereses públicos vinculados con el terreno fronterizo y protegido, debido a su doble condición demanial, inalienabilidad y exclusión del comercio."
  },
  "pull_quotes": [
    {
      "context": "Criterio de competencia",
      "quote_en": "although used for agricultural purposes, they have public-domain characteristics",
      "quote_es": "aunque sean de uso agrario, tienen características de demanialidad"
    },
    {
      "context": "Criterio de competencia",
      "quote_en": "there is an evident state interest, given their nature and exclusion from private commerce, because the zone is inalienable",
      "quote_es": "existe un evidente interés estatal, dada su naturaleza y exclusión del comercio de los hombres, por ser una zona inalienable"
    },
    {
      "context": "Criterio de competencia",
      "quote_en": "the administrative-litigation and Civil Treasury jurisdiction protects those public interests",
      "quote_es": "la jurisdicción Contencioso Administrativa y Civil de Hacienda tutela dichos intereses públicos"
    }
  ],
  "cites": [
    {
      "id": "norm-32840",
      "citation": "Ley 2825",
      "title_en": "Land and Colonization Law",
      "title_es": "Ley de Tierras y Colonización",
      "doc_type": "law",
      "date": "14/10/1961",
      "year": "1961"
    },
    {
      "id": "norm-27738",
      "citation": "Ley 7554",
      "title_en": "Organic Environmental Law",
      "title_es": "Ley Orgánica del Ambiente",
      "doc_type": "law",
      "date": "04/10/1995",
      "year": "1995"
    },
    {
      "id": "norm-41661",
      "citation": "Ley 7575",
      "title_en": "Forestry Law",
      "title_es": "Ley Forestal",
      "doc_type": "law",
      "date": "13/02/1996",
      "year": "1996"
    },
    {
      "id": "norm-57436",
      "citation": "Ley 8508",
      "title_en": "Contentious-Administrative Code",
      "title_es": "Código Procesal Contencioso-Administrativo",
      "doc_type": "law",
      "date": "28/04/2006",
      "year": "2006"
    }
  ],
  "cited_by": [],
  "references": {
    "internal": [
      {
        "target_id": "norm-32840",
        "kind": "cited_norm",
        "label": "Ley de Tierras y Colonización (ITCO INDER)"
      },
      {
        "target_id": "norm-27738",
        "kind": "cited_norm",
        "label": "Ley Orgánica del Ambiente"
      },
      {
        "target_id": "norm-41661",
        "kind": "cited_norm",
        "label": "Ley Forestal"
      },
      {
        "target_id": "norm-57436",
        "kind": "cited_norm",
        "label": "Código Procesal Contencioso-Administrativo"
      }
    ],
    "external": []
  },
  "source_url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0004-392614",
  "tier": 2,
  "is_environmental": true,
  "_editorial_citation_count": 0,
  "regulations_by_article": null,
  "amendments_by_article": null,
  "dictamen_by_article": null,
  "concordancias_by_article": null,
  "afectaciones_by_article": null,
  "resoluciones_by_article": null,
  "cited_by_votos": [],
  "cited_norms": [
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-32840",
      "norm_num": "2825",
      "norm_name": "Ley de Tierras y Colonización (ITCO INDER)",
      "art_num": "7",
      "art_scij": "149847",
      "norm_fecha": "27 Sep 2018",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_ver": "145033",
      "art_subnum": "0"
    },
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-27738",
      "norm_num": "7554",
      "norm_name": "Ley Orgánica del Ambiente",
      "art_num": "32",
      "art_scij": "132408",
      "norm_fecha": "22 Jun 2026",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_ver": "151736",
      "art_subnum": "0"
    },
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-41661",
      "norm_num": "7575",
      "norm_name": "Ley Forestal",
      "art_num": "13",
      "art_scij": "181935",
      "norm_fecha": "25 Mar 2026",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_ver": "150775",
      "art_subnum": "0"
    },
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-41661",
      "norm_num": "7575",
      "norm_name": "Ley Forestal",
      "art_num": "14",
      "art_scij": "181936",
      "norm_fecha": "25 Mar 2026",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_ver": "150775",
      "art_subnum": "0"
    },
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-57436",
      "norm_num": "8508",
      "norm_name": "Código Procesal Contencioso-Administrativo",
      "art_num": "1",
      "art_scij": "2",
      "norm_fecha": "06 May 2025",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_ver": "146091",
      "art_subnum": "0"
    },
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-57436",
      "norm_num": "8508",
      "norm_name": "Código Procesal Contencioso-Administrativo",
      "art_num": "36",
      "art_scij": "37",
      "norm_fecha": "06 May 2025",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_ver": "146091",
      "art_subnum": "0"
    }
  ],
  "cited_norms_inverted": [],
  "sentencias_relacionadas": [],
  "temas_y_subtemas": [
    {
      "id": 1,
      "nombre": "Conflicto de competencia",
      "Subtemas": [
        {
          "id": 1,
          "nombre": "Bien demanial"
        },
        {
          "id": 2,
          "nombre": "Interés estatal"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cascade_only": false,
  "amendment_count": 0,
  "body_es_text": "En la demanda se presenta una solicitud de interdicto de amparo de posesión sobre la presunta servidumbre de una finca que se ubica en la zona fronteriza de Costa Rica y Nicaragua y adicionalmente dentro del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Corredor Fronterizo con Nicaragua (Decreto Ejecutivo 22962), por lo que es una zona revestida de una doble declaratoria de demanialidad (artículos 7 Ley de Tierras y Colonización; 13, 14 Ley Forestal y 32 Ley Orgánica del Ambiente). Así, al estar en presencia de terrenos que, aunque sean de uso agrario, tienen características de demanialidad, sobre los que existe un evidente interés estatal, dada su naturaleza y exclusión del comercio de los hombres, por ser una zona inalienable, la jurisdicción Contencioso Administrativa y Civil de Hacienda tutela dichos intereses públicos (ordinales 1 y 36 Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo) (voto 1372-C-2026).",
  "body_en_text": "The complaint seeks a possessory-protection interdict (interdicto de amparo de posesión) concerning the alleged easement (servidumbre) over a property located in the border area between Costa Rica and Nicaragua and also within the Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Corredor Fronterizo con Nicaragua (Decreto Ejecutivo 22962); it is therefore an area subject to two declarations establishing its status as public-domain property (demanialidad) (Articles 7 of the Ley de Tierras y Colonización; 13 and 14 of the Ley Forestal; and 32 of the Ley Orgánica del Ambiente). Thus, because the lands at issue, although used for agricultural purposes, possess the characteristics of public-domain property, and because the State has a clear interest in them given their nature and exclusion from private commerce, as they form part of an inalienable area, the administrative-litigation and public-finance civil jurisdiction safeguards those public interests (sections 1 and 36 of the Código Procesal Contencioso Administrativo) (voto 1372-C-2026)."
}