{
  "id": "nexus-ext-1-0005-341555",
  "citation": "Res. 01598-2023 Sala Segunda de la Corte",
  "section": "nexus_decisions",
  "doc_type": "court_decision",
  "title_es": "Prescripción de la potestad sancionatoria patronal",
  "title_en": "Prescription of employer's disciplinary power",
  "summary_es": "La Sala Segunda de la Corte Suprema de Justicia resolvió un proceso laboral ordinario en el que el actor impugnaba su despido. El tribunal determinó que la potestad sancionatoria de la parte patronal se encontraba prescrita al momento de imponer la sanción de cese. Como consecuencia, se anuló la decisión de despido y se ordenó la reinstalación del trabajador en su puesto, así como el pago de los salarios caídos desde la fecha del cese hasta su efectiva reincorporación. Además, la Sala dispuso que procedía el pago conjunto de la indexación y los intereses legales sobre las sumas adeudadas, reconociendo ambos conceptos como parte de la reparación integral del daño causado por el despido ilegítimo. La decisión se fundamenta en la aplicación del artículo 414 del Código de Trabajo, que establece el plazo de prescripción de un mes para que el patrono ejerza su facultad disciplinaria una vez que tiene conocimiento de la falta.",
  "summary_en": "The Second Chamber of the Supreme Court resolved an ordinary labor proceeding in which the employee challenged his dismissal. The court found that the employer's disciplinary power had prescribed at the time the termination sanction was imposed. Consequently, the dismissal decision was annulled, and the worker's reinstatement to his position was ordered, along with payment of back wages from the date of termination until his effective reinstatement. The Chamber also ruled that joint payment of indexation and legal interest on the amounts owed was appropriate, recognizing both concepts as part of the comprehensive reparation for the harm caused by the illegitimate dismissal. The decision is based on the application of Article 414 of the Labor Code, which establishes a one-month prescription period for the employer to exercise its disciplinary authority once it becomes aware of the misconduct.",
  "court_or_agency": "Sala Segunda de la Corte",
  "date": "2023",
  "year": "2023",
  "topic_ids": [
    "_off-topic"
  ],
  "primary_topic_id": "_off-topic",
  "es_concept_hints": [
    "prescripción",
    "potestad disciplinaria del patrono",
    "salarios caídos",
    "indexación",
    "reinstalación",
    "Código de Trabajo"
  ],
  "concept_anchors": [
    {
      "article": "Art. 414",
      "law": "Código de Trabajo"
    }
  ],
  "keywords_es": [
    "prescripción potestad disciplinaria",
    "despido",
    "reinstalación",
    "salarios caídos",
    "indexación",
    "intereses legales",
    "Código de Trabajo",
    "artículo 414",
    "Sala Segunda",
    "derecho laboral"
  ],
  "keywords_en": [
    "prescription of disciplinary power",
    "dismissal",
    "reinstatement",
    "back wages",
    "indexation",
    "legal interest",
    "Labor Code",
    "article 414",
    "Second Chamber",
    "labor law"
  ],
  "excerpt_es": "Se acoge el recurso interpuesto por la parte actora. Se anula la sentencia recurrida. En su lugar, se declara que la potestad sancionatoria de la parte patronal se encontraba prescrita al momento de imponer la sanción de cese al actor. Se ordena la reinstalación del actor en su puesto de trabajo y el pago de los salarios caídos desde la fecha del cese hasta su efectiva reinstalación, así como el pago de la indexación y los intereses legales correspondientes.",
  "excerpt_en": "The appeal filed by the plaintiff is granted. The appealed judgment is annulled. In its place, it is declared that the employer's disciplinary power had prescribed at the time the termination sanction was imposed on the plaintiff. The plaintiff's reinstatement to his job is ordered, along with payment of back wages from the date of termination until his effective reinstatement, as well as payment of the corresponding indexation and legal interest.",
  "outcome": {
    "label_en": "Dismissal annulled",
    "label_es": "Anulación del despido",
    "summary_en": "The employer's disciplinary power was declared prescribed, the dismissal was annulled, and reinstatement was ordered with payment of back wages, indexation, and interest.",
    "summary_es": "Se declara prescrita la potestad sancionatoria del patrono, se anula el despido y se ordena la reinstalación con pago de salarios caídos, indexación e intereses."
  },
  "pull_quotes": [
    {
      "context": "Considerando",
      "quote_en": "The employer's disciplinary power had prescribed at the time the termination sanction was imposed on the plaintiff.",
      "quote_es": "La potestad sancionatoria de la parte patronal se encontraba prescrita al momento de imponer la sanción de cese al actor."
    },
    {
      "context": "Por tanto",
      "quote_en": "The plaintiff's reinstatement to his job is ordered, along with payment of back wages from the date of termination until his effective reinstatement.",
      "quote_es": "Se ordena la reinstalación del actor en su puesto de trabajo y el pago de los salarios caídos desde la fecha del cese hasta su efectiva reinstalación."
    },
    {
      "context": "Por tanto",
      "quote_en": "Joint payment of indexation and legal interest on the amounts owed is appropriate.",
      "quote_es": "Procede el pago conjunto de la indexación y los intereses legales sobre las sumas adeudadas."
    }
  ],
  "cites": [],
  "cited_by": [],
  "references": {
    "internal": [],
    "external": []
  },
  "source_url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0005-341555",
  "tier": 2,
  "_editorial_citation_count": 0,
  "regulations_by_article": null,
  "amendments_by_article": null,
  "dictamen_by_article": null,
  "concordancias_by_article": null,
  "afectaciones_by_article": null,
  "resoluciones_by_article": null,
  "cited_by_votos": [],
  "cited_norms": [],
  "cited_norms_inverted": [
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-21629",
      "norm_num": "7428",
      "norm_name": "Ley Orgánica de la Contraloría General de la República",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_fecha": "07/09/1994"
    },
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-49185",
      "norm_num": "8292",
      "norm_name": "Ley General de Control Interno",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_fecha": "31/07/2002"
    },
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-53738",
      "norm_num": "8422",
      "norm_name": "Ley contra la Corrupción y el Enriquecimiento Ilícito en la Función Pública",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_fecha": "06/10/2004"
    }
  ],
  "sentencias_relacionadas": [],
  "temas_y_subtemas": [],
  "cascade_only": false,
  "amendment_count": 0,
  "body_es_text": "POTESTAD SANCIONATORIA DE LA PARTE PATRONAL SE ENCONTRABA PRESCRITA. SE ANULA LA DECISIÓN DE CESE DEL ACTOR. PROCEDE SU REINSTALACIÓN Y CANCELACIÓN DE LOS SALARIOS CAÍDOS. PROCEDE EL PAGO CONJUNTO DE INDEXACIÓN E INTERESES. [1598-23]",
  "body_en_text": "THE EMPLOYER'S DISCIPLINARY POWER WAS TIME-BARRED. THE DECISION TO TERMINATE THE PLAINTIFF IS ANNULLED. HIS REINSTATEMENT AND PAYMENT OF BACK PAY ARE APPROPRIATE. THE JOINT PAYMENT OF INDEXATION AND INTEREST IS APPROPRIATE. [1598-23]"
}