{
  "id": "nexus-ext-1-0005-374260",
  "citation": "Res. 00113-2025 Sala Segunda de la Corte",
  "section": "nexus_decisions",
  "doc_type": "court_decision",
  "title_es": "Acción no se encuentra prescrita, plazo de fecha a fecha y existencia de relación laboral",
  "title_en": "Action not time-barred, date-to-date deadline, and existence of an employment relationship",
  "summary_es": "La Sala Segunda de la Corte Suprema de Costa Rica conoce de un recurso de casación en el que se discute si la acción laboral del trabajador está prescrita y si entre las partes medió una relación laboral o un contrato comercial de outsourcing. El tribunal determina que el plazo de prescripción debe computarse de fecha a fecha, según lo dispuesto en el artículo 35 del Código de Trabajo y el artículo 15 del Código Civil, por lo que la acción no está prescrita. Además, analizando los elementos de subordinación, prestación personal del servicio y remuneración, concluye que existió una verdadera relación laboral y no un contrato comercial de outsourcing, aplicando el principio de primacía de la realidad. La Sala confirma la sentencia de instancia que declaró con lugar la demanda del trabajador.",
  "summary_en": "The Second Chamber of the Supreme Court of Costa Rica hears a cassation appeal addressing whether the employee's labor claim is time-barred and whether the parties had an employment relationship or a commercial outsourcing contract. The Court rules that the statute of limitations must be calculated date-to-date, pursuant to Article 35 of the Labor Code and Article 15 of the Civil Code, so the action is not time-barred. Furthermore, analyzing the elements of subordination, personal service, and remuneration, it concludes that a genuine employment relationship existed, not a commercial outsourcing contract, applying the principle of the primacy of reality. The Chamber upholds the lower court ruling which granted the employee's claim.",
  "court_or_agency": "Sala Segunda de la Corte",
  "date": "2025",
  "year": "2025",
  "topic_ids": [
    "_off-topic"
  ],
  "primary_topic_id": "_off-topic",
  "es_concept_hints": [
    "prescripción",
    "relación laboral",
    "subordinación",
    "Código de Trabajo",
    "primacía de la realidad",
    "fecha a fecha"
  ],
  "concept_anchors": [
    {
      "article": "Art. 35",
      "law": "Código de Trabajo"
    },
    {
      "article": "Art. 15",
      "law": "Código Civil"
    },
    {
      "article": "Art. 602",
      "law": "Código de Trabajo"
    }
  ],
  "keywords_es": [
    "prescripción laboral",
    "relación laboral",
    "outsourcing",
    "cómputo de plazos",
    "fecha a fecha",
    "Código de Trabajo",
    "principio de primacía de la realidad",
    "Sala Segunda",
    "casación",
    "Costa Rica"
  ],
  "keywords_en": [
    "labor statute of limitations",
    "employment relationship",
    "outsourcing",
    "deadline computation",
    "date-to-date",
    "Labor Code",
    "primacy of reality",
    "Second Chamber",
    "cassation",
    "Costa Rica"
  ],
  "excerpt_es": "",
  "excerpt_en": "",
  "outcome": {
    "label_en": "Appeal dismissed",
    "label_es": "Sin lugar el recurso",
    "summary_en": "The cassation appeal is dismissed and the lower court ruling is upheld, determining that the action is not time-barred and that an employment relationship was disguised as outsourcing.",
    "summary_es": "Se declara sin lugar el recurso de casación y se confirma la sentencia que declaró con lugar la demanda laboral, determinando que la acción no está prescrita y que existió una relación laboral encubierta como outsourcing."
  },
  "pull_quotes": [
    {
      "context": "Encabezado de la sentencia",
      "quote_en": "THE ACTION IS NOT TIME-BARRED. THE DEADLINE MUST BE COMPUTED DATE-TO-DATE. EXISTENCE OF AN EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP. THERE WAS NO COMMERCIAL OUTSOURCING CONTRACT.",
      "quote_es": "ACCIÓN NO SE ENCUENTRA PRESCRITA. PLAZO DEBE COMPUTARSE DE FECHA A FECHA. EXISTENCIA DE RELACIÓN LABORAL. NO HUBO UN CONTRATO COMERCIAL DE OUTSOURCING."
    }
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  "sentencias_relacionadas": [
    "sen-1-0005-822042",
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  "temas_y_subtemas": [
    {
      "id": 2,
      "nombre": "Contrato de trabajo (relación laboral)"
    },
    {
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      "nombre": "Prescripción de derechos y acciones de trabajadores (602 anterior y 413 Código de Trabajo)"
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  "body_es_text": "ACCIÓN NO SE ENCUENTRA PRESCRITA. PLAZO DEBE COMPUTARSE DE\nFECHA A FECHA. EXISTENCIA DE RELACIÓN LABORAL. NO\nHUBO UN CONTRATO COMERCIAL DE OUTSOURCING.\n[113-25]",
  "body_en_text": "THE ACTION IS NOT TIME-BARRED (PRESCRITA). THE LIMITATION PERIOD (PLAZO) MUST BE CALCULATED FROM DATE TO DATE. EXISTENCE OF AN EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP (RELACIÓN LABORAL). THERE WAS NO COMMERCIAL OUTSOURCING CONTRACT.\n[113-25]"
}