{
  "id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-305177",
  "citation": "Res. 01042-2021 Tribunal Agrario",
  "section": "nexus_decisions",
  "doc_type": "court_decision",
  "title_es": "Revocatoria de resolución del INDER que invalida posesión de buena fe en territorio indígena",
  "title_en": "Revocation of INDER resolution nullifying bona fide possession in indigenous territory",
  "summary_es": "El Tribunal Agrario conoce de un recurso jerárquico impropio contra una resolución del INDER que revocó una declaratoria de buena fe posesoria previamente reconocida por la Asociación de Desarrollo Integral de una reserva indígena y por la propia comunidad. El tribunal analiza si el INDER podía desconocer ese acuerdo comunitario y revalorar la posesión. La resolución destaca que las comunidades indígenas, a través de sus asociaciones de desarrollo, actúan como gobierno local con potestades propias del derecho consuetudinario. La decisión del INDER, al restar valor probatorio a la declaración de buena fe emitida por la comunidad, violenta el Convenio 169 de la OIT, que exige respetar el derecho consuetudinario indígena. Asimismo, se vulnera la Ley Indígena (6172), que reconoce a las asociaciones como representantes legales y autoridades locales. El Tribunal Agrario concluye que las determinaciones comunitarias sobre posesión agraria dentro del territorio indígena gozan de plena eficacia y no pueden ser desconocidas administrativamente sin violar el bloque de convencionalidad y la normativa nacional. En consecuencia, revoca la resolución del INDER y restablece la declaratoria de buena fe posesoria emitida por la comunidad indígena.",
  "summary_en": "The Agrarian Court hears an improper hierarchical appeal against an INDER resolution that revoked a declaration of bona fide possession previously recognized by the Integral Development Association of an indigenous reserve and by the community itself. The court analyzes whether INDER could disregard that community agreement and reassess the possession. The decision highlights that indigenous communities, through their development associations, act as local governments with powers derived from customary law. INDER's decision, by reducing the probative value of the good faith declaration issued by the community, violates ILO Convention 169, which requires respect for indigenous customary law. It also violates Indigenous Law 6172, which recognizes associations as legal representatives and local authorities. The Agrarian Court concludes that community determinations regarding agrarian possession within the indigenous territory have full legal effect and cannot be administratively disregarded without violating the conventionality block and national regulations. Consequently, it revokes the INDER resolution and restores the declaration of bona fide possession issued by the indigenous community.",
  "court_or_agency": "Tribunal Agrario",
  "date": "2021",
  "year": "2021",
  "topic_ids": [
    "indigenous-law-6172",
    "property-and-titling"
  ],
  "primary_topic_id": "indigenous-law-6172",
  "es_concept_hints": [
    "posesión agraria",
    "buena fe posesoria",
    "INDER",
    "Convenio 169 OIT",
    "derecho consuetudinario indígena",
    "asociación de desarrollo integral",
    "Ley Indígena 6172",
    "recurso jerárquico impropio"
  ],
  "concept_anchors": [
    {
      "article": "Art. 2",
      "law": "Ley 6172"
    },
    {
      "article": "Art. 3",
      "law": "Ley 6172"
    },
    {
      "article": "Art. 5",
      "law": "Ley 6172"
    },
    {
      "article": "Art. 1",
      "law": "Convenio N° 169 sobre Pueblos Indígenas y Tribales en Países Independientes"
    },
    {
      "article": "Art. 1",
      "law": "Decreto Ejecutivo 13568"
    }
  ],
  "keywords_es": [
    "posesión agraria indígena",
    "buena fe posesoria",
    "INDER",
    "Convenio 169 OIT",
    "derecho consuetudinario indígena",
    "Ley Indígena 6172",
    "asociación de desarrollo integral",
    "gobierno local indígena",
    "recurso jerárquico impropio",
    "Tribunal Agrario",
    "propiedad indígena",
    "comunidad indígena"
  ],
  "keywords_en": [
    "indigenous agrarian possession",
    "bona fide possession",
    "INDER",
    "ILO Convention 169",
    "indigenous customary law",
    "Indigenous Law 6172",
    "integral development association",
    "indigenous local government",
    "improper hierarchical appeal",
    "Agrarian Court",
    "indigenous property",
    "indigenous community"
  ],
  "excerpt_es": "\"VI.-[...]Pero aún más allá de eso, este Tribunal considera que el acuerdo final del INDER violenta el Convenio 169 de la OIT pues desconoce el derecho consuetudinario indígena y las potestades de la asociación como gobierno local al restar valor y eficacia probatoria a dicha declaratoria de buena fe posesoria.\"",
  "excerpt_en": "\"VI.-[...]But even beyond that, this Court considers that the final agreement of INDER violates ILO Convention 169 because it disregards indigenous customary law and the powers of the association as a local government by reducing the probative value and effectiveness of said declaration of bona fide possession.\"",
  "outcome": {
    "label_en": "Granted",
    "label_es": "Con lugar",
    "summary_en": "The INDER resolution that annulled the declaration of bona fide possession is revoked, restoring the effectiveness of the indigenous community's decision.",
    "summary_es": "Se revoca la resolución del INDER que anuló la declaratoria de buena fe posesoria, restableciendo la eficacia de la decisión de la comunidad indígena."
  },
  "pull_quotes": [
    {
      "context": "Considerando VI",
      "quote_en": "But even beyond that, this Court considers that the final agreement of INDER violates ILO Convention 169 because it disregards indigenous customary law and the powers of the association as a local government by reducing the probative value and effectiveness of said declaration of bona fide possession.",
      "quote_es": "Pero aún más allá de eso, este Tribunal considera que el acuerdo final del INDER violenta el Convenio 169 de la OIT pues desconoce el derecho consuetudinario indígena y las potestades de la asociación como gobierno local al restar valor y eficacia probatoria a dicha declaratoria de buena fe posesoria."
    }
  ],
  "cites": [],
  "cited_by": [],
  "references": {
    "internal": [
      {
        "target_id": "norm-38110",
        "kind": "concept_anchor",
        "label": "Ley 6172  Art. 2"
      },
      {
        "target_id": "norm-16150",
        "kind": "concept_anchor",
        "label": "Decreto Ejecutivo 13568  Art. 1"
      }
    ],
    "external": []
  },
  "source_url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-305177",
  "tier": 2,
  "_editorial_citation_count": 0,
  "regulations_by_article": null,
  "amendments_by_article": null,
  "dictamen_by_article": null,
  "concordancias_by_article": null,
  "afectaciones_by_article": null,
  "resoluciones_by_article": null,
  "cited_by_votos": [],
  "cited_norms": [],
  "cited_norms_inverted": [
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-16150",
      "norm_num": "13568",
      "norm_name": "Representación de Comunidades Indígenas por Asociaciones de Desarrollo",
      "tipo_norma": "Decreto Ejecutivo",
      "norm_fecha": "30/04/1982"
    },
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-2107",
      "norm_num": "6734",
      "norm_name": "Ley de Jurisdicción Agraria",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_fecha": "29/03/1982"
    },
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-38110",
      "norm_num": "6172",
      "norm_name": "Ley Indígena",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_fecha": "29/11/1977"
    },
    {
      "doc_id": "norm-55652",
      "norm_num": "7316-1",
      "norm_name": "Convenio No. 169 sobre Pueblos Indígenas y Tribales",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_fecha": "03/11/1992"
    }
  ],
  "sentencias_relacionadas": [],
  "temas_y_subtemas": [],
  "cascade_only": false,
  "amendment_count": 0,
  "body_es_text": "\"VI.-[...]Pero aún más allá de eso, este Tribunal considera que el acuerdo final del INDER violenta el Convenio 169 de la OIT pues desconoce el derecho consuetudinario indígena y las potestades de la asociación como gobierno local al restar valor y eficacia probatoria a dicha declaratoria de buena fe posesoria.\"",
  "body_en_text": "\"VI.-[...] But even beyond that, this Tribunal considers that the final decision of the INDER violates ILO Convention 169 because it disregards indigenous customary law and the powers of the association as a local government by detracting probative value and effectiveness from said declaration of good faith possession.\""
}