{
  "id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-366685",
  "citation": "Res. 00606-2024 Tribunal de Familia",
  "section": "nexus_decisions",
  "doc_type": "court_decision",
  "title_es": "Acuerdo notarial de renuncia a gananciales no requiere homologación judicial",
  "title_en": "Notarial agreement to waive marital gains does not require judicial approval",
  "summary_es": "El Tribunal de Familia confirma la decisión de primera instancia que rechazó la solicitud de homologación judicial de un convenio de renuncia a los bienes gananciales suscrito en escritura pública. Los apelantes pretendían que el acuerdo fuera aprobado por la autoridad judicial, pero el tribunal sostiene que el artículo 41 del Código de Familia establece una disyuntiva: la renuncia puede realizarse en capitulaciones matrimoniales o mediante un convenio en escritura pública, sin necesidad de homologación posterior. El uso de la conjunción disyuntiva \"o\" implica que ambas vías son alternativas válidas e independientes. La resolución aclara que no corresponde al juez aprobar acuerdos que la ley permite formalizar exclusivamente ante notario público, distinguiendo esta situación de otros actos que sí requieren control judicial. El tribunal enfatiza que la validez y eficacia del convenio notarial no dependen de una resolución judicial, sino del cumplimiento de las formalidades legales propias de la escritura pública.",
  "summary_en": "The Family Court upholds the lower court's decision dismissing a petition for judicial approval of a notarial agreement waiving marital gains. The appellants sought court ratification, but the tribunal holds that Article 41 of the Family Code provides a disjunctive option: waiver may be executed through marriage settlements or by a separate agreement in a public deed, with no subsequent judicial approval required. The use of the conjunction 'or' means both paths are valid independent alternatives. The ruling clarifies that judges are not to approve agreements the law allows to be formalized solely before a notary, distinguishing this from acts that do require judicial oversight. The court stresses that the notarial agreement's validity and effect derive from compliance with statutory formalities, not from a court decision.",
  "court_or_agency": "Tribunal de Familia",
  "date": "21/06/2024",
  "year": "2024",
  "topic_ids": [
    "_off-topic"
  ],
  "primary_topic_id": "_off-topic",
  "es_concept_hints": [
    "gananciales",
    "capitulaciones matrimoniales",
    "escritura pública",
    "homologación",
    "conjunción disyuntiva",
    "Código de Familia"
  ],
  "article_citations": [
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      "law": "Código Civil",
      "article": "1022",
      "doc_id": "norm-15437",
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    {
      "law": "Ley 30",
      "article": "1022",
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    {
      "law": "Código de Familia",
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      "law": "Ley 5476",
      "article": "37",
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    {
      "law": "Código de Familia",
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      "law": "Ley 5476",
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    {
      "law": "Código de Familia",
      "article": "41",
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    {
      "law": "Ley 5476",
      "article": "41",
      "doc_id": "norm-970",
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    },
    {
      "law": "Código de Familia",
      "article": "48",
      "doc_id": "norm-970",
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    },
    {
      "law": "Ley 5476",
      "article": "48",
      "doc_id": "norm-970",
      "source": "metadata"
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    {
      "law": "Código de Familia",
      "article": "245",
      "doc_id": "norm-970",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Ley 5476",
      "article": "245",
      "doc_id": "norm-970",
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    {
      "law": "Resolución Alterna de Conflictos y Promoción de la Paz Social RAC",
      "article": "3",
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    },
    {
      "law": "Ley 7727",
      "article": "3",
      "doc_id": "norm-26393",
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    {
      "law": "Resolución Alterna de Conflictos y Promoción de la Paz Social RAC",
      "article": "6",
      "doc_id": "norm-26393",
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    },
    {
      "law": "Ley 7727",
      "article": "6",
      "doc_id": "norm-26393",
      "source": "metadata"
    },
    {
      "law": "Resolución Alterna de Conflictos y Promoción de la Paz Social RAC",
      "article": "9",
      "doc_id": "norm-26393",
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    },
    {
      "law": "Ley 7727",
      "article": "9",
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  ],
  "keywords_es": [
    "renuncia de gananciales",
    "convenio notarial",
    "homologación judicial",
    "Código de Familia",
    "artículo 41",
    "capitulaciones matrimoniales",
    "escritura pública",
    "Tribunal de Familia",
    "resolución 00606-2024",
    "conciliación familiar"
  ],
  "keywords_en": [
    "waiver of marital gains",
    "notarial agreement",
    "judicial homologation",
    "Family Code",
    "article 41",
    "marriage settlements",
    "public deed",
    "Family Court",
    "ruling 00606-2024",
    "family conciliation"
  ],
  "excerpt_es": "En este último párrafo del artículo 41 del Código de Familia se encuentra el meollo de este asunto. Los apelantes estiman que el acuerdo que ellos ya suscribieron en escritura pública debe ser aprobado u homologado por la autoridad judicial. No queda claro si esto lo estiman necesario para que el acuerdo sea válido o para que sea eficaz, pero sí es claro que se oponen a la posición que sostuvo el señor Juez de primera instancia, quien consideró que el acuerdo hecho en escritura pública no requiere homologación judicial.\n\nEn criterio de este Tribunal, la posición correcta es la del señor Juez de primera instancia porque existe una norma que señala que la renuncia se puede realizar en las capitulaciones matrimoniales o en un convenio que deberá hacerse en escritura pública. El vocablo \"o\" es una conjunción disyuntiva y, de acuerdo con el diccionario de la Real Academia de la Lengua Española, \"denota diferencia, separación o alternativa entre dos o más personas, cosas o ideas.\" [...]",
  "excerpt_en": "The crux of this matter lies in this last paragraph of Article 41 of the Family Code. The appellants consider that the agreement they have already executed in a public deed must be approved or homologated by the judicial authority. It is unclear whether they deem this necessary for the agreement to be valid or for it to be effective, but it is clear they oppose the position held by the first-instance judge, who considered that an agreement made in a public deed does not require judicial approval.\n\nIn this Court's opinion, the correct position is that of the first-instance judge because there is a provision stating that the waiver can be carried out in the marriage settlements or in an agreement that must be made in a public deed. The word 'or' is a disjunctive conjunction and, according to the dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy, 'denotes difference, separation, or alternative between two or more persons, things, or ideas.' [...]",
  "outcome": {
    "label_en": "Upheld",
    "label_es": "Confirma",
    "summary_en": "The lower court's dismissal of a petition for judicial approval of a notarial agreement waiving marital gains is upheld, as it is a valid independent alternative not requiring court control.",
    "summary_es": "Se confirma el rechazo de la homologación judicial de un convenio notarial de renuncia a gananciales, por ser una vía alternativa válida sin control judicial."
  },
  "pull_quotes": [
    {
      "context": "Considerando II",
      "quote_en": "In this Court's opinion, the correct position is that of the first-instance judge because there is a provision stating that the waiver can be carried out in the marriage settlements or in an agreement that must be made in a public deed.",
      "quote_es": "En criterio de este Tribunal, la posición correcta es la del señor Juez de primera instancia porque existe una norma que señala que la renuncia se puede realizar en las capitulaciones matrimoniales o en un convenio que deberá hacerse en escritura pública."
    },
    {
      "context": "Considerando II",
      "quote_en": "The word 'or' is a disjunctive conjunction and, according to the dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy, 'denotes difference, separation, or alternative between two or more persons, things, or ideas.'",
      "quote_es": "El vocablo \"o\" es una conjunción disyuntiva y, de acuerdo con el diccionario de la Real Academia de la Lengua Española, \"denota diferencia, separación o alternativa entre dos o más personas, cosas o ideas.\""
    }
  ],
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  "temas_y_subtemas": [
    {
      "Subtemas": [
        {
          "id": 1,
          "nombre": "Innecesario homologar ante autoridad judicial acuerdo sobre renuencia de gananciales que se celebró ante notario público"
        }
      ],
      "id": 2,
      "nombre": "Bienes gananciales"
    },
    {
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        {
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          "nombre": "Innecesario homologar ante autoridad judicial acuerdo sobre renuencia de gananciales que se celebró ante notario público"
        }
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      "nombre": "Conciliación y mediación en asuntos de familia"
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  "body_es_text": "\"II. [...] En este último párrafo del artículo 41 del Código de Familia se encuentra el meollo de este asunto. Los apelantes estiman que el acuerdo que ellos ya suscribieron en escritura pública debe ser aprobado u homologado por la autoridad judicial. No queda claro si esto lo estiman necesario para que el acuerdo sea válido o para que sea eficaz, pero sí es claro que se oponen a la posición que sostuvo el señor Juez de primera instancia, quien consideró que el acuerdo hecho en escritura pública no requiere homologación judicial.\n\n En criterio de este Tribunal, la posición correcta es la del señor Juez de primera instancia porque existe una norma que señala que la renuncia se puede realizar en las capitulaciones matrimoniales o en un convenio que deberá hacerse en escritura pública. El vocablo \"o\" es una conjunción disyuntiva y, de acuerdo con el diccionario de la Real Academia de la Lengua Española, \"denota diferencia, separación o alternativa entre dos o más personas, cosas o ideas.\" [...]\"",
  "body_en_text": "II. [...] The crux of this matter is found in this last paragraph of Article 41 of the Family Code (Código de Familia). The appellants believe that the agreement they have already signed in a public deed (escritura pública) must be approved or homologated by the judicial authority. It is not clear whether they deem this necessary for the agreement to be valid or for it to be effective, but it is clear that they oppose the position held by the Judge of first instance, who considered that an agreement made in a public deed does not require judicial approval.\n\nIn the opinion of this Court, the correct position is that of the Judge of first instance because there is a rule stating that the waiver can be made in the matrimonial property agreements (capitulaciones matrimoniales) or in a covenant that must be made in a public deed. The word \"or\" is a disjunctive conjunction and, according to the dictionary of the Real Academia de la Lengua Española, \"denotes difference, separation, or alternative between two or more persons, things, or ideas.\" [...]"
}