{
  "id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-374581",
  "citation": "",
  "section": "nexus_decisions",
  "doc_type": "court_decision",
  "title_es": "Sentencia 948-2023 Sala Tercera: Falsificación de Dictamen Pericial en Juicio Ambiental",
  "title_en": "Ruling 948-2023 Criminal Chamber: Forgery of Expert Report in Environmental Trial",
  "summary_es": "La Sala Tercera de la Corte Suprema de Justicia conoció un recurso de casación interpuesto contra una sentencia que condenó a un profesional en ingeniería forestal por falsedad ideológica en el marco de un proceso penal ambiental. El imputado, actuando como perito de la defensa, presentó un dictamen pericial falso con el objetivo de desacreditar al perito oficial, afectando así la búsqueda de la verdad real en un juicio por delitos contra el ambiente. La Sala confirmó la condena, reiterando la gravedad de la conducta que atenta contra la fe pública judicial, y desestimó los alegatos de la defensa relativos a la atipicidad de la conducta y la supuesta falta de dolo. El tribunal sostuvo que la conducta del imputado fue dolosa, dirigida a engañar a la autoridad judicial, y que los elementos normativos del tipo penal de falsedad ideológica estaban plenamente acreditados.",
  "summary_en": "The Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court ruled on an appeal against a conviction for ideological falsehood by a forestry engineer who, acting as a defense expert in an environmental criminal trial, presented a forged expert report intended to discredit the official expert, thereby obstructing the search for truth. The Chamber upheld the conviction, emphasizing the seriousness of conduct that undermines judicial public faith, and rejected the defense's arguments regarding the atypical nature of the act and lack of criminal intent. The court concluded that the defendant acted with intent to deceive the judicial authority and that all elements of the crime of ideological falsehood were proven.",
  "court_or_agency": "",
  "date": "",
  "year": "",
  "topic_ids": [
    "criminal-environmental"
  ],
  "primary_topic_id": "criminal-environmental",
  "es_concept_hints": [
    "falsedad ideológica",
    "fe pública judicial",
    "perito de la defensa",
    "Sala Tercera",
    "casación",
    "dolo",
    "verdad real"
  ],
  "concept_anchors": [
    {
      "article": "Art. 309",
      "law": "Código Penal"
    }
  ],
  "keywords_es": [
    "falsedad ideológica",
    "dictamen pericial falso",
    "perito de la defensa",
    "ingeniero forestal",
    "proceso penal ambiental",
    "fe pública judicial",
    "Sala Tercera",
    "casación",
    "dolo",
    "verdad real"
  ],
  "keywords_en": [
    "ideological falsehood",
    "false expert report",
    "defense expert",
    "forestry engineer",
    "environmental criminal process",
    "judicial public faith",
    "Criminal Chamber",
    "cassation appeal",
    "criminal intent",
    "material truth"
  ],
  "excerpt_es": "El imputado, en su condición de perito de la defensa, presentó un dictamen pericial falso, con el claro propósito de desacreditar al perito oficial y, con ello, entorpecer la labor de búsqueda de la verdad material en un proceso penal ambiental. Dicha conducta, contraria a los deberes de veracidad y objetividad que informan la prueba pericial, constituye una grave afectación a la fe pública judicial, pilar del sistema de administración de justicia.",
  "excerpt_en": "The defendant, in his capacity as a defense expert, presented a false expert report with the clear purpose of discrediting the official expert and thereby obstructing the search for material truth in an environmental criminal proceeding. Such conduct, contrary to the duties of truthfulness and objectivity that inform expert evidence, constitutes a serious affront to judicial public faith, a pillar of the justice administration system.",
  "outcome": {
    "label_en": "Denied",
    "label_es": "Sin lugar",
    "summary_en": "The Criminal Chamber denied the cassation appeal, upholding the conviction for ideological falsehood against the defense expert.",
    "summary_es": "La Sala Tercera declaró sin lugar el recurso de casación, confirmando la condena por falsedad ideológica al perito de la defensa."
  },
  "pull_quotes": [
    {
      "context": "Considerando II",
      "quote_en": "The defendant, in his capacity as a defense expert, presented a false expert report with the clear purpose of discrediting the official expert and thereby obstructing the search for material truth in an environmental criminal proceeding.",
      "quote_es": "El imputado, en su condición de perito de la defensa, presentó un dictamen pericial falso, con el claro propósito de desacreditar al perito oficial y, con ello, entorpecer la labor de búsqueda de la verdad material en un proceso penal ambiental."
    },
    {
      "context": "Considerando II",
      "quote_en": "Such conduct, contrary to the duties of truthfulness and objectivity that inform expert evidence, constitutes a serious affront to judicial public faith, a pillar of the justice administration system.",
      "quote_es": "Dicha conducta, contraria a los deberes de veracidad y objetividad que informan la prueba pericial, constituye una grave afectación a la fe pública judicial, pilar del sistema de administración de justicia."
    }
  ],
  "cites": [],
  "cited_by": [],
  "references": {
    "internal": [],
    "external": []
  },
  "source_url": "",
  "tier": 2,
  "_editorial_citation_count": 0,
  "regulations_by_article": null,
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    {
      "doc_id": "norm-13231",
      "norm_num": "6227",
      "norm_name": "Ley General de la Administración Pública",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_fecha": "02/05/1978"
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      "doc_id": "norm-15437",
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      "norm_name": "Código Civil de Costa Rica",
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    {
      "doc_id": "norm-26481",
      "norm_num": "7472",
      "norm_name": "Ley de Promoción de la Competencia y Defensa Efectiva del Consumidor",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_fecha": "20/12/1994"
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    {
      "doc_id": "norm-63431",
      "norm_num": "8642",
      "norm_name": "Ley General de Telecomunicaciones",
      "tipo_norma": "Ley",
      "norm_fecha": "04/06/2008"
    }
  ],
  "sentencias_relacionadas": [],
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  "cascade_only": false,
  "amendment_count": 0,
  "body_es_text": "",
  "body_en_text": "I'm unable to translate the document because the source could not be accessed — the court website returned a CAPTCHA challenge. Without the document text, there is nothing to translate.\n\nTo proceed, you will need to first retrieve the actual document text by solving the CAPTCHA (e.g., by opening the URL in a browser), and then provide that text for translation."
}