{ "id": "norm-32764", "citation": "", "section": "norms", "doc_type": null, "title_es": "Ley de Asociaciones", "title_en": "Associations Law", "summary_es": "Esta ley establece el marco jurídico para la constitución, organización, funcionamiento y extinción de asociaciones en Costa Rica. Regula las asociaciones con fines científicos, artísticos, deportivos, benéficos y otros lícitos que no tengan un lucro exclusivo, excluyendo las de carácter político y comercial. Define los requisitos para los estatutos, la estructura orgánica mínima (directiva, fiscalía, asamblea), la adquisición de personería jurídica mediante inscripción en el Registro de Asociaciones, y los procedimientos para reformas y disolución. Incluye disposiciones sobre federaciones y confederaciones, declaratoria de utilidad pública, y sanciones por incumplimiento. La ley fue promulgada originalmente en 1939 y ha sido reformada en múltiples ocasiones para actualizar aspectos como la paridad de género en las juntas directivas y la responsabilidad de personas jurídicas.", "summary_en": "This law establishes the legal framework for the formation, organization, operation, and dissolution of associations in Costa Rica. It governs associations pursuing scientific, artistic, sports, charitable, and other lawful non-exclusively-profit purposes, while excluding political and purely commercial ones. It defines requirements for bylaws, minimum governance structure (board, oversight body, assembly), acquisition of legal personality through registration in the Associations Registry, and procedures for amendments and dissolution. It includes provisions on federations and confederations, public utility status, and sanctions for non-compliance. The law was originally enacted in 1939 and has been reformed several times, including updates on gender parity on boards and corporate criminal liability.", "court_or_agency": "", "date": "", "year": "", "topic_ids": [ "_off-topic" ], "primary_topic_id": "_off-topic", "es_concept_hints": [ "personería jurídica", "utilidad pública", "Ministerio de Gobernación", "Registro de Asociaciones", "paridad de género" ], "concept_anchors": [], "keywords_es": [ "asociaciones", "personería jurídica", "Ministerio de Gobernación", "Registro de Asociaciones", "estatutos", "asamblea general", "fiscalía", "directiva", "disolución", "utilidad pública", "federaciones", "confederaciones", "paridad de género", "responsabilidad de personas jurídicas", "Ley 218" ], "keywords_en": [ "associations", "legal personality", "Ministry of Governance", "Associations Registry", "bylaws", "general assembly", "oversight body", "board", "dissolution", "public utility", "federations", "confederations", "gender parity", "corporate liability", "Law 218" ], "excerpt_es": "Artículo 1º.- El derecho de asociación puede ejercitarse libremente conforme a lo que preceptúa esta ley. En consecuencia, quedan sometidos al presente texto las asociaciones para fines científicos, artísticos, deportivos, benéficos, de recreo y cualesquiera otros lícitos que no tengan por único y exclusivo objeto el lucro o la ganancia. Se regirán también por esta ley los gremios y las asociaciones de socorros mutuos, de previsión y de patronato.\n\nArtículo 5º.- Toda asociación debe constituirse mediante un ordenamiento básico que rija sus actividades y que se denominará \"Estatutos\". Para que una asociación ejerza lícitamente sus actividades debe estar inscrita en el Registro de Asociaciones que al efecto llevará el Ministerio de Gobernación y que forma parte del Registro Nacional. La personería jurídica de la asociación así como la de sus representantes se adquiere con su inscripción.", "excerpt_en": "Article 1.- The right of association may be freely exercised in accordance with the provisions of this law. Consequently, associations for scientific, artistic, sports, charitable, recreational and any other lawful purposes that do not have profit or gain as their sole and exclusive object are subject to this text. Guilds and mutual aid, welfare, and patronage associations shall also be governed by this law.\n\nArticle 5.- Every association must be constituted through a basic charter that governs its activities and shall be called \"Bylaws\". For an association to lawfully carry out its activities, it must be registered in the Associations Registry, which for that purpose shall be kept by the Ministry of Governance and forms part of the National Registry. The legal personality of the association as well as that of its representatives is acquired upon registration.", "outcome": { "label_en": "Active norm", "label_es": "Norma vigente", "summary_en": "Regulates the formation, organization, and dissolution of associations in Costa Rica, defining requirements and procedures for their legality and oversight.", "summary_es": "Regula la constitución, organización y extinción de asociaciones en Costa Rica, definiendo requisitos y procedimientos para su legalidad y control." }, "pull_quotes": [ { "context": "Artículo 5", "quote_en": "The legal personality of the association as well as that of its representatives is acquired upon registration.", "quote_es": "La personería jurídica de la asociación así como la de sus representantes se adquiere con su inscripción." }, { "context": "Artículo 1", "quote_en": "The right of association may be freely exercised in accordance with the provisions of this law.", "quote_es": "El derecho de asociación puede ejercitarse libremente conforme a lo que preceptúa esta ley." }, { "context": "Artículo 32", "quote_en": "Associations whose development or activity are particularly useful for the interests of the State and fulfill a social need may be declared of public utility.", "quote_es": "Las asociaciones cuyo desarrollo o actividad sean particularmente útiles para los intereses del Estado y llenen una necesidad social, podrán ser declaradas de utilidad pública." } ], "cites": [], "cited_by": [], "references": { "internal": [ { "target_id": "pgr-4271", "kind": "pgr_opinion_about_norm", "label": "029" }, { "target_id": "pgr-12941", "kind": "pgr_opinion_about_norm", "label": "172" }, { "target_id": "pgr-13128", "kind": "pgr_opinion_about_norm", "label": "056" }, { "target_id": "pgr-15409", "kind": "pgr_opinion_about_norm", "label": "316" }, { "target_id": "pgr-24837", "kind": "pgr_opinion_about_norm", "label": "036" }, { "target_id": "pgr-23442", "kind": "pgr_opinion_about_norm", "label": "131" }, 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Sección II Res. 00240-2010", "numeroDocumento": "00240", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-485353", "redactor": "José Rodolfo León Díaz", "restrictores": "Análisis en relación con la causal de extinción", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-135321" }, { "anno": "2009", "date": "30-Mar-2009", "descriptores": "Tributos, Impuesto sobre la renta", "despacho": "Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo Sección VIII", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-127655", "expediente": "050003410161CA", "label": "Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo Sección VIII Res. 00027-2009", "numeroDocumento": "00027", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-443233", "redactor": "Carlos Enrique Espinoza Salas", "restrictores": "Análisis con respecto a incremento patrimonial no justificado y normativa aplicable, Impuesto sobre la renta con relación a incremento patrimonial no justificado y normativa aplicable", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-127655" }, { "anno": "2008", "date": "28-Nov-2008", "descriptores": "Comisión Nacional del Consumidor, Promoción de la competencia y defensa efectiva del consumidor", "despacho": "Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo Sección IX", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-124906", "expediente": "000005150161CA", "label": "Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo Sección IX Res. 00043-2008", "numeroDocumento": "00043", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-423142", "redactor": "Eduardo González Segura", "restrictores": "Imputación de sanción por prácticas monopolísticas absolutas de fijación de precios y de intercambio de información, Derecho de la competencia y marco normativo, Análisis sobre los agentes económicos, el principio de legalidad penal y el debido proceso", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-124906" }, { "anno": "2008", "date": "28-May-2008", "descriptores": "Notificación a persona jurídica, Representante de persona jurídica, Publicidad registral", "despacho": "Tribunal Primero Civil", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-132207", "expediente": "020001090185CI", "label": "Tribunal Primero Civil Res. 00467-2008", "numeroDocumento": "00467", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-418791", "redactor": "Alvaro Enrique Hernández Aguilar", "restrictores": "Concepto, análisis y diferencias entre el efecto declarativo y el constitutivo, Efectuada a representante con anterioridad a la inscripción de escritura en que consta cambio y nombramiento de nuevos personeros, Representante de sociedad anónima perdura hasta que sustituto pueda ejercer legalmente el cargo, Análisis respecto a la aplicación del principio de publicidad registral y sus efectos frente a terceros, Análisis respecto a su aplicación y eficacia en personas jurídicas, Análisis respecto a su aplicación y eficacia en bienes inmuebles y muebles", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-132207" }, { "anno": "2007", "date": "09-Mar-2007", "descriptores": "Asociación, Derecho de petición y pronta resolución, Principio del debido proceso, Derecho de defensa", "despacho": "Sala Constitucional", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0007-114936", "expediente": "060056430007CO", "label": "Sala Constitucional Res. 03398-2007", "numeroDocumento": "03398", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0007-375547", "redactor": "Fernando Cruz Castro", "restrictores": "Inexistencia de violación de los derechos alegados por cuanto la desafiliación de la recurrida no se aplicó, Junta Directiva de la Asociación Pro Atención Ancianos de Santo Domingo de Heredia, Comunicación por parte de la Junta Directiva recurrida de desafiliar a la recurrida", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0007-114936" }, { "anno": "2006", "date": "05-Abr-2006", "descriptores": "Derechos de autor", "despacho": "Sala Constitucional", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0007-100859", "expediente": "040131600007CO", "label": "Sala Constitucional Res. 04883-2006", "numeroDocumento": "04883", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0007-341223", "redactor": "Ana Virginia Calzada Miranda", "restrictores": "Inexistencia de inconstitucionalidad de los alcances de la Ley 7686 del 6 de agosto de 1997 por interpretar auténticamente los artículos 111, 132, 133 y 156 de la Ley General de derechos de autor, Suspensión de licencia de repertorio musical y cobro acumulativo que realiza ACAM por derechos de autor", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0007-100859" }, { "anno": "2006", "date": "24-Feb-2006", "descriptores": "Conflicto de competencia", "despacho": "Tribunal Segundo Civil Sección I", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-94672", "expediente": "050000200164CI", "label": "Tribunal Segundo Civil Sección I Res. 00047-2006", "numeroDocumento": "00047", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-333686", "redactor": "Liana Rojas Barquero", "restrictores": "En los procesos especiales disolutorios la competencia corresponde a juzgados civiles de cualquier cuantía y la segunda instancia a la Sala Primera", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-94672" }, { "anno": "2005", "date": "20-Dic-2005", "descriptores": "Rechazo de plano", "despacho": "Sala Constitucional", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0007-99629", "expediente": "050154780007CO", "label": "Sala Constitucional Res. 17320-2005", "numeroDocumento": "17320", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0007-334825", "redactor": "Fernando Cruz Castro", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0007-99629" }, { "anno": "2005", "date": "19-Ago-2005", "descriptores": "Asociación cooperativa, Tributos municipales, Municipalidad", "despacho": "Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo Sección I", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-87114", "expediente": "030003670161CA", "label": "Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo Sección I Res. 00334-2005", "numeroDocumento": "00334", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-316950", "redactor": "Elvia E. Vargas Rodríguez", "restrictores": "Improcedencia del cobro a cooperativas por no ejercer actividad de lucro, Improcedencia del cobro de impuesto por patente a cooperativas, Improcedencia del cobro de impuestos por patente municipal al no ejercer actividad de lucro", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-87114" }, { "anno": "2004", "date": "16-Ene-2004", "descriptores": "Asociación cooperativa, Contratación directa, Contrato de seguro", "despacho": "Sala Primera de la Corte", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-59317", "expediente": "950003240177CA", "label": "Sala Primera de la Corte Res. 00001-2004", "numeroDocumento": "00001", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-264789", "redactor": "Román Solís Zelaya", "restrictores": "Análisis sobre su naturaleza jurídica con relación a su participación en el régimen de contratación directa para negociar la comercialización de seguros, Fundamento legal de las asociaciones cooperativas para participar en el régimen de contratación directa y negociar su comercialización, Fundamento legal de las asociaciones cooperativas para participar y negociar la comercialización de seguros", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-59317" }, { "anno": "2001", "date": "16-Mar-2001", "descriptores": "Asociación", "despacho": "Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo Sección III", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-8410", "expediente": "000013050161CA", "label": "Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo Sección III Res. 00217-2001", "numeroDocumento": "00217", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-159764", "redactor": "Rose Mary Chambers Rivas", "restrictores": "Extinción por omitirse la renovación de directores dentro del término legal, Rechazo de la solicitud de fiscalización", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-8410" }, { "anno": "2001", "date": "26-Ene-2001", "descriptores": "Amparo contra sujetos de derecho privado, Asociación", "despacho": "Sala Constitucional", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0007-1415", "expediente": "000096160007CO", "label": "Sala Constitucional Res. 00714-2001", "numeroDocumento": "00714", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0007-144246", "redactor": "Susana Castro Alpízar", "restrictores": "Asociación de Desarrollo Indígena Cabecar de Chirripó, Improcedencia", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0007-1415" }, { "anno": "2001", "date": "19-Ene-2001", "descriptores": "Inscripción registral, Asociación", "despacho": "Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo Sección III", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-9621", "expediente": "000011490161CA", "label": "Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo Sección III Res. 00034-2001", "numeroDocumento": "00034", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-159580", "redactor": "Roberto José Gutiérrez Freer", "restrictores": "Oposición de inscripción registral denegada por extemporánea, Oposición de registro de asociación declarada extemporánea, Cómputo del término y normativa aplicable, Falta de demostración de supuestos hechos ilícitos", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-9621" }, { "anno": "1997", "date": "16-Abr-1997", "descriptores": "Asociación cooperativa, Tributos municipales, Municipalidad", "despacho": "Sala Primera de la Corte", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-14869", "expediente": "970000260004CA", "label": "Sala Primera de la Corte Res. 00026-1997", "numeroDocumento": "00026", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-182288", "redactor": "Rodrigo Montenegro Trejos", "restrictores": "Cobro de impuesto por patente municipal, Improcedencia de cobro a cooperativas, Improcedencia de cobro a cooperativas de impuesto por patente, Improcedencia por no ejercer actividad de lucro", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-14869" }, { "anno": "1997", "date": "07-Mar-1997", "descriptores": "Querella", "despacho": "Tribunal de Casación Penal de San José", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-93499", "expediente": "960007590008PE", "label": "Tribunal de Casación Penal de San José Res. 00178-1997", "numeroDocumento": "00178", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-211692", "redactor": "María de los Angeles Londoño Rodríguez", "restrictores": "Asociación representada por presidente con nombramiento vencido, Inexistencia de desistimiento tácito", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-93499" }, { "anno": "1995", "date": "10-Nov-1995", "descriptores": "Recurso de casación por vicios de forma, Incongruencia, Asociación", "despacho": "Sala Primera de la Corte", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-44574", "expediente": "950001230004CI", "label": "Sala Primera de la Corte Res. 00123-1995", "numeroDocumento": "00123", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-163786", "redactor": "Ricardo Zeledón Zeledón", "restrictores": "Concepto, Demanda para que se declare su extinción, Taxatividad de las causales, Fallo que la disuelve no provoca incongruencia", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-44574" }, { "anno": "1991", "date": "19-Abr-1991", "descriptores": "Asamblea de asociados, Escritura pública, Asociación", "despacho": "Sala Primera de la Corte", "doc_id": "nexus-ext-1-0034-32419", "expediente": "911000590004CI", "label": "Sala Primera de la Corte Res. 00059-1991", "numeroDocumento": "00059", "parent_doc_id": "nexus-sen-1-0034-229576", "redactor": "Hugo Picado Odio", "restrictores": "Asamblea efectuada antes de legalización de libros, Efectuada antes de legalización de libros, Protocolización de asamblea de asociados, Inscripción improcedente", "tipoDocumento": "EXT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/ext-1-0034-32419" }, { "anno": "2014", "date": "10-Jun-2014", "descriptores": "Contratos de dedicación exclusiva", "doc_id": "nexus-act-1-0003-2844-82", "numeroDocumento": "053", "tipoDocumento": "ACT", "url": "https://nexuspj.poder-judicial.go.cr/document/act-1-0003-2844-82" } ], "cited_norms": [], "cited_norms_inverted": [], "sentencias_relacionadas": [], "temas_y_subtemas": [], "cascade_only": false, "amendment_count": 27, "body_es_text": "en la totalidad del texto\n\n -\n\nTexto Completo Norma 218\n\n Ley de Asociaciones\n\nTexto Completo acta: 2C214\n\n1\n\nN°\n218\n\n \n\nEL CONGRESO\nCONSTITUCIONAL DE LA REPÚBLICA DE COSTA RICA\n\n \n\nDECRETA:\n\n \n\n            Artículo I.-La siguiente\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nLEY DE\nASOCIACIONES\n\nCAPITULO I\n\nDisposiciones fundamentales\n\nArtículo 1º.- El derecho de asociación puede ejercitarse libremente conforme a lo que preceptúa esta\nley. En consecuencia, quedan sometidos al presente texto las asociaciones para fines científicos,\nartísticos, deportivos, benéficos, de recreo y cualesquiera otros lícitos que no tengan por único y\nexclusivo objeto el lucro o la ganancia. Se regirán también por esta ley los gremios y las\nasociaciones de socorros mutuos, de previsión y de patronato.\n\nArtículo 2º.- Las asociaciones que no siendo de las\nenumeradas en el artículo anterior se propongan un objeto meramente comercial o\ncivil se regirán por las leyes comerciales o civiles ,\nsegún el caso.\n\nArtículo 3º.Dentro\nde la autorización de esta ley no se admitirán asociaciones de carácter político,\nni las que tengan por objeto un fin que fuere física o legalmente imposible en\nlos términos previstos por el artículo 631 del Código Civil.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 4583 del 4 de mayo de 1970)\n\nArtículo 4º.- El control administrativo de las asociaciones corresponde\nal Poder Ejecutivo, quien es el encargado de autorizar la creación de\nasociaciones nacionales y la incorporación de las extranjeras; de fiscalizar\nlas actividades de las mismas y de disolver las que persigan fines ilícitos o\nlesionen la moral o el orden público, todo de acuerdo con lo dispuesto por esta\nley.\n\nArtículo 5º.-Toda\nasociación debe constituirse mediante un ordenamiento básico que rija sus\nactividades y que se denominará \"Estatutos\".\n\nPara\nque una asociación ejerza lícitamente sus actividades debe estar inscrita en\nel Registro de Asociaciones que al efecto llevará el Ministerio de Gobernación\ny que forma parte del Registro Nacional.\n\nLa\npersonería jurídica de la asociación así como la de sus representantes se\nadquiere con su inscripción.\n\nEl\nRegistro estará formado por la colección de los documentos originales de los\nEstatutos, sus reformas y de las personerías de sus órganos directivos, de\ncada asociación, además de los índices, libros y ficheros que se consideren\nnecesarios. Esos sistemas podrán variarse por otros más eficientes para el\nmejor servicio y la mayor seguridad de las inscripciones.\n\nA\ncada documento original de constitución de una asociación debe agregarse, para\nsu inscripción, timbre fiscal por valor de cien colones.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977)\n\nArtículo 6º.- La\npresente ley no se aplica a los partidos políticos.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 4583 del 4 de mayo de 1970)\n\nCAPITULO II\n\nOrganización\n\nArtículo 7º.- Los estatutos de toda asociación deben\nexpresar:\n\na) El nombre de la entidad;\n\nb) Su domicilio;\n\nc) El fin que persigue y medios para lograrlo;\n\nd) Modalidad de afiliación y desafiliación de los asociados,\nderechos y deberes de los mismos;\n\ne) Recursos con que cuenta la asociación y órgano que fija\nlas cuotas de ingreso y periódicas, si las hubiere;\n\nf) Órganos de la asociación, procedimientos para\nconstituirlos, convocarlos y completarlos, modo de resolver, de hacer sus\npublicaciones y de actuar, competencia y término de su ejercicio, cuando sea\ndel caso;\n\ng) Órgano o persona que ostente la representación de la\nentidad y extensión del poder;\n\nh) En caso de tener facultad para fundar filiales, modo de\ncrearlas;\n\ni) Condiciones y modalidades de extinción; y\n\nj) Procedimientos para reformar los estatutos.\n\nArtículo 8º.- El nombre de la asociación será propiedad\nexclusiva de la misma.\n\nCuando el objeto de una asociación sea el mantenimiento de\nuna institución y el nombre de ésta fuere distinto al de aquélla, ambas denominaciones\ngozarán del mismo privilegio legal.\n\nNinguna asociación podrá adoptar una denominación idéntica a\nla de otra ya registrada o tan parecida que ambas puedan fácilmente\nconfundirse.\n\nQueda prohibido al enunciar el nombre de la asociación el\nuso de los términos \"sociedad\", \"empresa\" o\n\"compañía\" o cualquiera otro que signifique que la asociación tiene\nfines distintos de los que se propone esta ley.\n\nArtículo 9º.- Es permitido establecer en los estatutos\nrestricciones a los asociados para el desempeño de funciones en la asociación,\npara el ejercicio del derecho de voto y para la separación de los miembros,\npero la asociación no puede variar o ampliar esas restricciones ni suprimir los\nderechos estatutarios de los asociados sin modificar previamente el ordenamiento\nbásico.\n\nEl asociado que se separe de la entidad pierde sus derechos\nen la misma, con excepción de las cantidades que ésta retuviere en calidad de depósito\ny de los créditos personales del asociado contra aquella entidad.\n\n    Artículo 10.-Son órganos\nesenciales de la asociación:\n\n1.-El organismo\ndirectivo cuyo nombre se establecerá en los estatutos, se integrará con un\nmínimo de cinco personas y deberá garantizar la representación paritaria de\nambos sexos, entre ellos se nombrarán personas para la presidencia, la\nsecretaría y la tesorería; todas ellas mayores de edad. En toda nómina u\nórgano impar la diferencia entre el total de hombres y mujeres no podrá ser\nsuperior a uno.\n\n2.-La fiscalía,\nocupada por una persona mayor de edad,\n\n3.-La Asamblea o\nJunta General.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 8901 del\n18 de noviembre de 2010, \"Porcentaje\nmínimo de mujeres que deben integrar las Directivas de Asociaciones, Sindicatos\ny Asociaciones Solidaritas\")\n\n(Nota de Sinalevi: Mediante\nresolución de la Sala Constitucional N° 4630 del 02 de abril de 2014, se\ninterpretó la ley N° 8901 del 18 de noviembre de 2010, \"Porcentaje mínimo de mujeres que deben\nintegrar las Directivas de Asociaciones, Sindicatos y Asociaciones Solidaritas\", la cual reformó\neste numeral, en el sentido de que, los Órganos Directivos de las Asociaciones Civiles, Asociaciones\nSolidaritas, Asociaciones Comunales y Sindicatos, deben estar integrados\nrespetando la paridad de género, de forma progresiva y siempre que ello sea\nposible conforme a la libertad ideológica, el derecho de asociación y según la\nconformación fáctica y proporcional que cada uno de los géneros lo permita en\nla asociación en cuestión.)\n\nArtículo 11.-Mientras\nno se haya inscrito la asociación, ni las resoluciones, ni los pactos, ni los\ndocumentos sociales producirán efecto legal alguno en perjuicio de terceros, y\nlos asociados fundadores, en aquellos en que intervinieren, responderán a\ndichos terceros por las obligaciones que en tales circunstancias se contrajeren,\nen nombre de la asociación.\n\nUna\nvez inscrita la asociación, ésta responde de los actos ejecutados por sus órganos\nen ejercicio de las funciones propias que le estén encomendadas y la\nresponsabilidad de los asociados se limitará únicamente al aporte o aportes\nque cada uno haya hecho a la asociación, salvo la que les resultare por culpa o\npor dolo en los actos consentidos expresa y personalmente por el asociado.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977)\n\nArtículo 12.- Las filiales pueden adquirir\npersonería jurídica distinta de la asociación principal,\ncuando los estatutos de ésta se lo permitan: en tal evento los estatutos\nde la filial expresarán con claridad las relaciones y responsabilidades\nque existen entre una y otra entidad, especialmente en el caso de\ndisolución o extinción de la principal.\n\nArtículo\n13.- La asociación se extingue:\n\na)\nCuando el número de asociados elegibles sea inferior al necesario para\nintegrar el órgano directivo.\n\nb)\nSi fuere disuelta por la autoridad por haberse comprobado alguno de los\nextremos señalados en el artículo 27.\n\nc)\nUna vez conseguido el fin temporal o transitorio para el cual fue fundada, o\nimposibilitada legal o materialmente dicha consecución. Y\n\nd)\nPor privación de su capacidad jurídica como consecuencia de la\ndeclaratoria de insolvencia o concurso; de variación en el objeto\nperseguido; del cambio de su naturaleza en su personería jurídica\no por no haber renovado el órgano directivo en el año siguiente\nal término señalado en los estatutos para el ejercicio del mismo.\n\ne) Por aplicación de la sanción de disolución de\nla persona jurídica prevista en el artículo 11 de la ley\nResponsabilidad de las Personas Jurídicas sobre Cohechos\nDomésticos, Soborno Transnacional y otros Delitos.\n\n(Así adicionado el inciso anterior por\nel artículo 35 de la ley sobre la Responsabilidad\nde las personas jurídicas sobre cohechos domésticos, soborno\ntransnacional y otros delitos, N° 9699 del 10 de junio del 2019)\n\nArtículo 14.-Al\nextinguirse la asociación, los bienes de ésta se distribuirán en la forma que\nindiquen los estatutos. Si éstos no hubieren establecido nada al respecto, se\ndistribuirán esos bienes en proporción a los aportes de cada asociado. En tal\ncaso, o si así se hubiere estatuido, se pedirá al Juez Civil correspondiente\nal domicilio de la asociación, el nombramiento de uno a tres liquidadores que\ndevengarán en conjunto un honorario que no exceda del 5% del producto neto de\nlos bienes liquidados.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977)\n\nArtículo 15.-Las\nasociaciones pueden admitir asociados menores de edad, pero no menores de dieciséis\naños, sin que puedan ser electos para cargo alguno.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977)\n\nArtículo 16.-Las\nasociaciones residentes en el extranjero podrán actuar en Costa Rica en\ncualquiera de los casos siguientes:\n\n1.-\nCuando establezca una filial que se ajuste a las prescripciones de la presente\nley y con personería jurídica propia.\n\n2.-\nSi se incorporan sus estatutos mediante inscripción en el Registro de\nAsociaciones y constitución de un apoderado generalísimo, llenando los demás\nrequisitos exigidos por las leyes civiles a las personas jurídicas que actúen\nen el país.\n\nEn\nambos casos se aplicarán en lo concerniente, los artículos 226 a 233 del Código\nde Comercio.\n\nSe\nreputarán ilícitas y por lo tanto serán absolutamente nulos los actos que\nllevaren a cabo en Costa Rica las asociaciones domiciliadas en el extranjero en\ncontradicción a los dispuesto en este artículo.\n\n(Así\nreformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977) \n\nArtículo 17.- Se considerarán asociados los\nque concurran en calidad de tales al acto de constitución de la\nasociación y los que sean admitidos posteriormente de acuerdo con los\nestatutos, debiendo figurar sus nombres en el libro especial denominado\n\"Miembros de la asociación tal\". En ese libro se\nincluirán por el orden de su admisión los nombres de los que\nentren a formar parte de la asociación, con indicación en cada\ncaso, del acuerdo de admisión. Las cancelaciones de inscripciones que se\nharán de acuerdo y en la forma que prevean los estatutos se\nindicarán en el mismo libro, consignado en el asiento de admisión\nuna marginal que indique el asiento en que conste que el asociado ha perdido\nsus derechos. Las operaciones se harán por asientos numerados en orden\ncorrido y deberán ser firmados por el Secretario.\n\nCAPITULO III\n\nConstitución\n\nArtículo 18.- Toda\nasociación se constituirá por no menos de diez personas mayores de edad, ya\nsea otorgando escritura pública o por medio de acta en papel de oficio de la\nsesión o sesiones inaugurales. En ambos casos el documento debe contener los\nestatutos aprobados y el nombramiento de directiva, pero en el segundo caso, el\ndocumento debe suscribirse por esa directiva, cuyas firmas irán autenticadas\npor un abogado o por la autoridad política del lugar.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977)\n\nArtículo 19.- Para\nproceder a la inscripción, el documento respectivo deberá presentarse con dos\ncopias en papel común o fotocopias al Gobernador de la provincia,\ncorrespondiente al domicilio de la asociación. En los cantones menores y\ndistritos, la documentación podrá ser presentada a la autoridad política\nlocal, para que la remita a esa gobernación. Esta oficina iniciará un\nexpediente de la asociación con una de las copias, y remitirá la otra así\ncomo el documento original, al Ministerio de Gobernación.\n\nEl\nMinisterio examinará la documentación para establecer si se cumplen los\nrequisitos de ley y las demás disposiciones atinentes al caso. Si la encontrare\ndefectuosa u omisa lo comunicará señalando los errores, al Presidente de la\nDirectiva, por medio de la autoridad política del domicilio de éste.\nSubsanados los errores u omisiones, o si no los hubiere, el Ministerio mandará\npublicar un aviso en el Diario Oficial dando cuenta de la constitución de la\nasociación, su nombre, fines, domicilio y representante legal y emplazando, por\nquince días hábiles a partir de su publicación, a cualquier interesado para\nque formule reparos a la inscripción en trámite.\n\nVencido\nese término sin haber oposiciones o desechadas las interpuestas se procederá a\ninscribir la asociación. En el documento original se consignará la razón de\ninscripción y los mismo se hará en la copia o\nfotocopia respectiva que se devolverá a los interesados.\n\nSi\nla inscripción se denegare, en razón de oposición procedente o por cualquier\notro motivo, se publicará en \"La Gaceta\", será definitiva y agota la\nvía administrativa.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977)\n\nArtículo 20.- Las\nreformas parciales o totales de los estatutos deberán sufrir los mismos trámites\nque señala el artículo anterior y no surtirán efecto alguno respecto a\nterceros mientras no estén inscritos en el \"Registro de Asociaciones.\n\nLa\ndisolución de una asociación deberá también inscribirse en el citado\nRegistro y publicarse en el Diario Oficial.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977)\n\nCAPITULO IV\n\nFuncionamiento\n\nArtículo 21.- El\nejercicio administrativo y fiscal de las asociaciones durará un año. En la\nprimera quincena de cada ejercicio de la asociación, la asamblea se reunirá\nordinariamente para oír los informes del Presidente, del Fiscal y del Tesorero,\nacerca de las gestiones durante el ejercicio inmediato anterior.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 4583 del 4 de mayo de 1970)\n\nArtículo 22.- Además\ndel libro que indica el artículo 17, y sin perjuicio de los demás registros y\nlibros que consideren conveniente tener, las asociaciones deberán llevar libro\nde actas de la Asamblea General y de la Directiva, a cargo del Secretario, y\nlibros de contabilidad a cargo del Tesorero. Estos libros deberán ser\nautorizados por el Gobernador de la provincia respectiva.\n\n(Así\nreformado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977)\n\nArtículo 23.-Las\nasociaciones pueden tener local propio o abrir uno para sus reuniones o el\ncumplimiento de sus fines. Sin embargo, cuando se lleven a cabo en aquel recinto\nactos ilícitos, atentados contra la moral o las buenas costumbres o desórdenes,\nla autoridad podrá ordenar el cierre del local.\n\nQuedan\nprohibidas en el referido local las reuniones, conferencias y toda clase de\nmanifestaciones de carácter político partidista, así como facilitar el\nrecinto para esa clase de actos.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 4583 del 4 de mayo de 1970)\n\nArtículo 24.- El\nPresidente será el representante judicial y extrajudicial de la asociación y\ntendrá las facultades en un apoderado generalísimo, salvo que los estatutos\nrestrinjan esas facultades, en cuyo caso tendrá las que se le concedieren. El\nTesorero custodiará los fondos de la asociación, previa rendición de garantías\nque determinen los estatutos y el Fiscal velará porque los organismos de la\nasociación observen estrictamente las exigencias de la ley y de los estatutos.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 4583 del 4 de mayo de 1970)\n\nArtículo 25.- Las asociaciones que establezcan el\nfondo de mutualidad en favor de los asociados deberán formalizar\nsemestralmente la cuenta de los ingresos y gastos y comunicarla a los asociados\ny deberán cubrir con una póliza de fidelidad la\nadministración de esos fondos.\n\n    Artículo 26.-Las\nasociaciones pueden adquirir toda clase de bienes, celebrar contratos de\ncualquier índole y realizar operaciones lícitas de todo tipo, encaminadas a la\nconsecusión de sus fines.\n\n   Las donaciones, subvenciones,\n transferencias de bienes muebles e inmuebles u otros aportes económicos\n del estado o sus instituciones, deberán ser fiscalizados por la Contraloría\n General de la República y debidamente liquidados por la Asociación\n beneficiaria ante el ente contralor, según los fines previstos y los\n principios de la sana administración.\n\n   De no presentarse las\n liquidaciones correspondientes dentro del mes siguiente al cierre del año\n fiscal, el ente contralor lo informará de oficio a la administración\n activa respectiva y a la vez, la asociación que incumpla quedará\n imposibilitada para percibir fondos del Estado o sus instituciones, hasta\n que satisfaga la información requerida.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo único\n de la ley N° 8007 del 4 de julio de 2000)\n\nArtículo 26 bis- Las\nAsociaciones Administradoras de Sistemas de Acueductos y Alcantarillados\nComunales, creadas al amparo del inciso g) del artículo 2 de la Ley 2726, Ley\nConstitutiva del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, de 14\nde abril de 1961, y regidas por el Reglamento de las Asociaciones\nAdministradoras de Sistemas de Acueductos y Alcantarillados Comunales, quedan\nautorizadas para recibir subvenciones, donaciones de bienes muebles, inmuebles,\naportes económicos o suministros servicios de cualquier clase por parte de los\nPoderes de la República, el sector público descentralizado institucional y el\nsector público descentralizado territorial; estas donaciones deberán ser\nreinvertidas en su totalidad en la prestación de los servicios públicos y no\npueden ser consideradas dividendos, como una forma de fortalecer la cooperación\nen la administración, el mantenimiento, la operación y el desarrollo de los\nacueductos comunales.\n\nEn caso de disolución\nde la asada, todos los bienes requeridos para la continuidad del servicio,\nincluyendo los terrenos y las servidumbres, debidamente inscritos a nombre de\nla asada, deberán trasladarse al Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y\nAlcantarillados (AyA), con el propósito de garantizar\nque sigan siendo utilizados en la prestación de los servicios de la comunidad\npara la cual fueron adquiridos o construidos. Estos bienes traspasados al\nInstituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados (AyA)\nquedarán afectados al dominio público, conforme lo dispone el artículo 18 de la\nLey Constitutiva de AyA.\n\n(Así adicionado\npor el artículo único de la Ley para autorizar a la administración pública las\ndonaciones para las Asociaciones Administradoras de Sistemas de Acueductos y Alcantarillados\nComunales, N° 10698 del 6 de mayo de 2025)\n\nArtículo 27- La autoridad judicial será la única competente para\ndecretar, antes de la expiración del término natural, la disolución de las\nasociaciones constituidas con arreglo a esta ley, cuando se lo pidan los dos tercios\no más de los asociados o cuando concurran las circunstancias que indican los\nincisos a), c), d) y e) del artículo 13. Decretada la disolución se procederá\nen la forma que indica el artículo 14 y el Tribunal lo comunicará al Registro\nde Asociaciones, para la inscripción de esa circunstancia.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 35 de la ley sobre la Responsabilidad de las personas jurídicas sobre\ncohechos domésticos, soborno transnacional y otros delitos, N° 9699 del 10 de junio del 2019)\n\nArtículo 28.- Al Poder Ejecutivo corresponde decretar\nla disolución de la asociación en los casos que determina el\nartículo 34. Decretada esa disolución el Juez procederá en\nla forma que indica el artículo anterior.\n\nArtículo 29.-Para\nacreditar la representación legal de la asociación, posterior a su constitución,\nse inscribirá el nombramiento de la Directiva, mediante protocolización del\nacta respectiva, o por medio de copia fiel de esa acta en papel de oficio,\nfirmada por el Presidente y el Secretario de aquella, y autenticada por un\nabogado o la autoridad política del lugar. Para su inscripción a esos\ndocumentos deberá agregarse timbre fiscal por valor de veinte colones.\n\nLa\ncertificación del respectivo asiento acreditará la personería de su\nrepresentante para todo efecto legal.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977)\n\nCAPITULO V\n\nFormas especiales de\nasociación\n\nArtículo 30.- Pueden constituirse asociaciones\nformadas por la reunión de dos o más asociaciones con\npersonaría jurídica. En los casos anteriores, la nueva entidad\nadquirirá personería jurídica independiente de la\npersonería de las entidades que la componen.\n\nEsta forma de asociaciones se distinguirá con los\ntérminos de \"federación\", \"liga\" o\n\"unión\", que deberán insertar en su nombre y que las asociaciones\nsimples no podrán usar.\n\nLas asociaciones federales pueden, a su vez, constituir en\nlas mismas condiciones una nueva forma de asociación que llevará\nforzosamente el nombre de \"confederación\", término que\nse reserva exclusivamente para esta clase de entidades.\n\nArtículo 31.- Las formalidades para la\nformación de esas federaciones y confederaciones serán las mismas\nque las determinadas en esta ley para las asociaciones y serán los\nestatutos de esas nuevas entidades los que determinarán la\nrelación de unas con respecto a las otras.\n\n    Articulo\n32.- Las asociaciones simples, federadas o confederadas, cuyo desarrollo o\nactividad sean particularmente útiles para los intereses del Estado y llenen\nuna necesidad social, podrán ser declaradas de utilidad pública cuando lo\nsoliciten al (*)Ministerio de Justicia y Paz y este lo estime conveniente. Para\nalcanzar este beneficio, las asociaciones deberán tener tres años de inscritas\ncomo mínimo y operar legalmente al servicio de la comunidad.\n\n   \n       \nLas asociaciones reconocidas como de utilidad pública podrán gozar de\nlas franquicias y concesiones administrativas y económicas que, para cumplir\ncon sus fines, el Poder Ejecutivo les otorgue. En cualquier momento, el (*)Ministerio\nde Justicia y Paz revocará este beneficio, si desaparecen los motivos por los\ncuales fue concedido. Este Ministerio llevará los controles de las asociaciones\ndeclaradas de utilidad pública y les exigirá informes anuales.\n\n(Así\nreformado por el artículo 67 de la Ley Integral para la Persona Adulta Mayor, N°\n7935 del 25 de octubre de 1999)\n\n(*)(Modificada\nsu denominación por el artículo 3° de la ley N° 8771 del 14 de setiembre de\n2009) \n\nArtículo 32 bis- Cruz Roja Costarricense\n\nSe reconoce a la Benemérita Cruz Roja\nCostarricense como una asociación de interés público por su condición sui\ngeneris originada del derecho internacional humanitario. El Registro Nacional\ndará tratamiento prioritario a las gestiones presentadas por la Asociación Cruz\nRoja Costarricense, en aras de garantizar la continuidad de sus operaciones y\nel servicio humanitario que brinda en todo el territorio nacional; lo anterior,\nsin demérito de los principios registrales.\n\n(Así adicionado por el artículo 18 de la Ley\nde la Cruz Roja Costarricense, N° 10632 del 28 de enero del 2025)\n\nCAPITULO VI\n\nSanciones\n\nArtículo 33.- Serán\npenados con dos a treinta días multa:\n\n1.-\nQuienes mantengan asociación en forma oculta o secreta, aun cuando sus fines\nfueren lícitos.\n\n2.-\nEl Secretario o Tesorero de una asociación que no mantengan sus libros sellados\no que los llevare con más de seis meses de atraso, o se nieguen a presentarlos\na requerimiento de la autoridad competente.\n\nSerán\nreprimidos con treinta a sesenta días multa:\n\n1.-\nQuienes reincidan en las faltas enumeradas en los incisos anteriores.\n\n2.-\nLos miembros de la Directiva que permitan se destinen fondos de la asociación o\nrealicen actividades, en fines distintos de los señalados en los estatutos como\npropios de la entidad, o permitan que en el local se lleven a cabo actos de los\nprohibidos por el artículo 23.\n\n(Así reformado por el artículo 1° de la ley\nN° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977)\n\n    Artículo 33 bis.- Según\n la gravedad de la falta, los tribunales\n de justicia podrán declarar inhabilitados para crear nuevas\n organizaciones de naturaleza similar hasta por diez años, a\n quienes, habiendo sido directivos de una asociación de bienestar\n social, hayan cometido delitos en perjuicio de la organización.\n\n(Así\n adicionado por el artículo 68 de la Ley Integral para la Persona Adulta\n Mayor, N° 7935 del 25 de octubre de 1999)\n\nArtículo 34.- Serán tenidas como asociaciones ilícitas y en consecuencia\nse decretará su disolución, cuando:\n\n1º.- En forma repetida sus dirigentes hayan sido apercibidos\npor la Gobernación de que están en el caso del inciso 2º del artículo anterior,\nsin que tales requerimientos hayan sido atendidos.\n\n2º.- Aparezca que se dedican a actividades sancionadas por\nlas leyes represivas o contrarias a la moral o a las buenas costumbres o fueren\nsubversivas.\n\n3º.- Aparezca que la asociación se formó para encubrir fines\ndistintos de los consignados en los estatutos.\n\nArtículo\n35.- Los miembros del órgano directivo de toda asociación están obligados a\nexigir el cumplimiento de los deberes y requisitos señalados en la presente ley\na los funcionarios de la entidad y serán considerados como coautores si no\nconsta en los libros de actas que han pedido en sesión de aquel órgano el\ncumplimiento de las referidas obligaciones, y que, de no haber sido atendidos,\nno denunciaron a la asamblea los procedimientos indebidos de aquellos\nfuncionarios. Quedarán exentos de responsabilidad si pusieren los hechos en\nconocimiento del Gobernador, una vez que el órgano directivo haya desconocido\nsus quejas. Los funcionarios de la asociación que sufrieren alguna condena por\nalguna de las faltas o delitos que aquí se castigan, quedarán de hecho\nexpulsados de la entidad desde el momento en que el delito esté castigado.\n\nCasa\nPresidencial.-San José, a los ocho días del mes de agosto de mil novecientos\ntreinta y nueve.\n\nArtículo\n36.- Toda asociación puede transformarse en otra entidad siempre que se cumplan\nlos requisitos exigidos por la ley para fundar la última, con reforma de\nestatutos que se protocolizará si el requisito de escritura pública fuere\nnecesario, o con copia fiel de esa reforma en caso contrario pero debiendo ir\nfirmada por la Directiva y autenticadas esas firmas por un abogado o la\nautoridad política del lugar. En todo caso se aplicarán, en lo que fuere\nprocedente, las disposiciones del artículo 225 del Código de Comercio.\n\n(Así\nadicionado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977)\n\n    Artículo\n37.- A partir de la vigencia de esta ley, no se inscribirán asociaciones en el\nRegistro Público.\n\n(Así\nadicionado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 6020 del 3 de enero de 1977)\n\nTransitorio.-Las\nentidades dedicadas exclusivamente a actividades religiosas inscritas en el\nRegistro Público como sociedades, podrán transformarse en asociaciones\nllenando los requisitos exigidos por esta ley. Los bienes que tengan inscritos a\nsu nombre en el Registro Público de la Propiedad, serán traspasados a la nueva\nasociación en el mismo acto de otorgarse su creación, a solicitud de su\npersonero legal. Para acogerse a los beneficios de este artículo, los\ninteresados deberán demostrar previamente la naturaleza de sus actividades por\nmedio del trámite de información ad perpetúan, levantada ante autoridad\njudicial competente, con intervención de la Procuraduría General de la República.\nEl juez resolverá sobre la procedencia de la transformación.\n\nAutorizada\nésta, el notario ante quien se haga el respectivo otorgamiento, deberá dar fe\nde esa circunstancia.\n\n(Así adicionado por el artículo 1° de la\nley N° 5116 del 20 de noviembre de 1972)\n\nTransitorio único.- Las asociaciones ya inscritas en el Registro Público\ndeberán reinscribirse en el Registro de Asociaciones, mediante certificación\ndel asiento respectivo y sus modificaciones, o mediante nueva constitución,\ndentro de los dos años siguientes a la vigencia de esta ley. Si por cualquier\nmotivo apareciere vencido su plazo o caduca la inscripción, podrán igualmente\nreinscribirse con la certificación referida siempre que la autoridad política\nde su domicilio informare que la asociación está funcionando. Previo a su\ninscripción el Ministerio podrá requerir que se hagan las modificaciones de\nestatutos que estimare pertinentes para que se hallen conforme a la ley.\nVencido el plazo de dos años, referido, dejarán de tener vigencia las asociaciones\nya inscritas que no se hayan reinscrito, salvo que hubieren iniciado durante\nese término las diligencias de reinscripción, sin perjuicio de una nueva\nconstitución de acuerdo con esta ley. Una vez hecha la solicitud de\nreinscripción, para todos los efectos legales, la asociación se tendrá como\nvigente. La reinscripción pagará timbre fiscal de cincuenta colones. Las\nasociaciones cuya inscripción se encontrare pendiente en el Registro Público al\nentrar en vigencia esta ley, podrán ser retiradas de esa oficina, sin\ndevolución de suma, para inscribirlas en el Registro de Asociaciones, o podrán\nser pasadas a éste con el mismo fin por la citada oficina cancelando el asiento\nde presentación. En tales casos, si los derechos de registro estuvieren pagados\nen suma igual o mayor de cien colones, no será necesario pagar el timbre fiscal\nque señala el artículo 5º, pero si los derechos pagados no alcanzaren a dicha\nsuma, deberá completarse hasta cien colones con timbre fiscal.\n\n(Así adicionado por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 6020 del 3 de enero de\n1977)", "body_en_text": "THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC OF COSTA RICA\n\nDECREES:\n\nArticle I.-The following\n\nASSOCIATIONS ACT\n\nCHAPTER I\nFundamental Provisions\n\nArticle 1.- The right of association may be exercised freely in accordance with the provisions of this Act. Consequently, associations for scientific, artistic, sports, charitable, recreational, and any other lawful purposes whose sole and exclusive object is not profit or gain are subject to this text. Guilds and mutual aid, welfare, and patronage associations shall also be governed by this Act.\n\nArticle 2.- Associations not listed in the preceding article that pursue a merely commercial or civil purpose shall be governed by the commercial or civil laws, as appropriate.\n\nArticle 3.- Within the authorization of this Act, associations of a political nature shall not be permitted, nor those whose purpose is physically or legally impossible under the terms provided in Article 631 of the Civil Code.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 4583 of May 4, 1970)\n\nArticle 4.- The administrative control of associations corresponds to the Executive Branch, which is responsible for authorizing the creation of national associations and the incorporation of foreign ones; for supervising their activities; and for dissolving those that pursue illicit purposes or harm public morality or public order, all in accordance with the provisions of this Act.\n\nArticle 5.- Every association must be constituted through a basic set of rules governing its activities, which shall be called \"Bylaws (Estatutos)\".\n\nFor an association to lawfully carry out its activities, it must be registered in the Registry of Associations (Registro de Asociaciones), which shall be maintained for that purpose by the Ministry of Governance (Ministerio de Gobernación) and forms part of the National Registry (Registro Nacional).\n\nThe legal personality (personería jurídica) of the association, as well as that of its representatives, is acquired upon its registration.\n\nThe Registry shall be composed of the collection of original documents of the Bylaws, their amendments, and the legal representation of their governing bodies, for each association, in addition to the indexes, books, and files deemed necessary. These systems may be varied for other more efficient ones for better service and greater security of registrations.\n\nA fiscal stamp in the amount of one hundred colones must be attached to each original document of constitution of an association for its registration.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nArticle 6.- This Act does not apply to political parties.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 4583 of May 4, 1970)\n\nCHAPTER II\nOrganization\n\nArticle 7.- The Bylaws of every association must state:\n\na) The name of the entity;\nb) Its legal domicile;\nc) The purpose it pursues and the means to achieve it;\nd) The modalities for the affiliation and disaffiliation of members, and their rights and duties;\ne) The resources available to the association and the body that sets the entrance and periodic fees, if any;\nf) The bodies of the association, the procedures to constitute, convene, and fill them, the manner of making decisions, making its publications, and acting, their competence and term of office, where applicable;\ng) The body or person holding the representation of the entity and the extent of their power;\nh) In the event it has the authority to establish affiliates (filiales), the manner of creating them;\ni) The conditions and modalities of dissolution (extinción); and\nj) The procedures for amending the Bylaws.\n\nArticle 8.- The name of the association shall be its exclusive property.\n\nWhen the purpose of an association is the maintenance of an institution and the name of the latter is different from that of the former, both names shall enjoy the same legal privilege.\n\nNo association may adopt a name identical to that of another already registered or so similar that both may easily be confused.\n\nWhen stating the name of the association, the use of the terms \"sociedad\" (partnership/corporation), \"empresa\" (enterprise), or \"compañía\" (company), or any other term signifying that the association has purposes other than those provided for in this Act, is prohibited.\n\nArticle 9.- It is permitted to establish in the Bylaws restrictions on the members regarding the performance of functions in the association, the exercise of voting rights, and the separation of members. However, the association may not vary or expand these restrictions, nor suppress the statutory rights of the members, without first modifying the basic set of rules.\n\nA member who separates from the entity loses their rights therein, with the exception of any amounts held by the entity as a deposit and the personal credits of the member against that entity.\n\nArticle 10.- The essential bodies of the association are:\n\n1.- The governing body (organismo directivo), whose name shall be established in the Bylaws, shall be composed of a minimum of five persons and must guarantee equal representation of both sexes; among them, persons shall be appointed for the presidency, the secretariat, and the treasury; all of legal age. In any odd-numbered slate or body, the difference between the total number of men and women may not exceed one.\n\n2.- The oversight body (fiscalía), occupied by a person of legal age.\n\n3.- The Assembly or General Meeting (Asamblea or Junta General).\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 8901 of November 18, 2010, \"Minimum percentage of women who must integrate the Boards of Directors of Associations, Unions, and Solidarity Associations\")\n\n(Sinalevi Note: By resolution of the Constitutional Chamber No. 4630 of April 2, 2014, Act No. 8901 of November 18, 2010, \"Minimum percentage of women who must integrate the Boards of Directors of Associations, Unions, and Solidarity Associations\", which amended this section, was interpreted to mean that the Governing Bodies of Civil Associations, Solidarity Associations, Community Associations, and Unions must be integrated respecting gender parity, progressively and whenever possible in accordance with ideological freedom, the right of association, and according to the factual and proportional composition that each gender allows in the association in question.)\n\nArticle 11.- As long as the association has not been registered, neither the resolutions, nor the agreements, nor the corporate documents shall produce any legal effect to the detriment of third parties, and the founding members, in those in which they participate, shall be liable to said third parties for the obligations contracted in such circumstances, in the name of the association.\n\nOnce the association is registered, it is liable for the acts executed by its bodies in the exercise of the specific functions entrusted to them, and the liability of the members shall be limited solely to the contribution or contributions that each has made to the association, except for any liability arising from fault or fraud in acts expressly and personally consented to by the member.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nArticle 12.- Affiliates may acquire a legal personality distinct from the principal association when the Bylaws of the latter so permit. In such event, the Bylaws of the affiliate shall clearly state the relationships and liabilities existing between one entity and the other, especially in the case of dissolution or extinction of the principal.\n\nArticle 13.- The association is dissolved (extingue) when:\n\na) The number of eligible members is less than that necessary to form the governing body.\nb) It is dissolved by the authority for having proven any of the circumstances indicated in Article 27.\nc) The temporary or transitory purpose for which it was founded has been achieved, or such achievement has become legally or materially impossible.\nd) By deprivation of its legal capacity as a consequence of a declaration of insolvency or bankruptcy (concurso); of a change in the pursued purpose; of a change in its nature in its legal personality; or for not having renewed the governing body in the year following the term indicated in the Bylaws for the exercise thereof.\ne) By application of the sanction of dissolution of the legal person provided in Article 11 of the Act on the Liability of Legal Persons for Domestic Bribery, Transnational Bribery, and Other Crimes (Ley Responsabilidad de las Personas Jurídicas sobre Cohechos Domésticos, Soborno Transnacional y otros Delitos).\n\n(The preceding subsection was thus added by Article 35 of the Act on the Liability of Legal Persons for Domestic Bribery, Transnational Bribery, and Other Crimes, No. 9699 of June 10, 2019.)\n\nArticle 14.- Upon the dissolution of the association, its assets shall be distributed in the manner indicated in the Bylaws. If the Bylaws have not established anything in this regard, such assets shall be distributed in proportion to each member's contributions. In such case, or if so established in the Bylaws, the Civil Judge corresponding to the association's legal domicile shall be asked to appoint one to three liquidators, who shall collectively earn a fee not exceeding 5% of the net proceeds of the liquidated assets.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nArticle 15.- Associations may admit members who are minors, but not under sixteen years of age, and who may not be elected to any office.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nArticle 16.- Associations domiciled abroad may operate in Costa Rica in any of the following cases:\n\n1.- When they establish an affiliate that complies with the provisions of this Act and has its own legal personality.\n2.- If their Bylaws are incorporated through registration in the Registry of Associations and the appointment of a general power of attorney (apoderado generalísimo), fulfilling the other requirements demanded by civil laws for legal persons operating in the country.\n\nIn both cases, Articles 226 to 233 of the Code of Commerce shall apply insofar as they are relevant.\n\nAny acts carried out in Costa Rica by associations domiciled abroad in contradiction to the provisions of this Article shall be deemed illicit and therefore absolutely null and void.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nArticle 17.- Those who participate as such in the act of constitution of the association and those who are admitted later in accordance with the Bylaws shall be considered members, and their names must appear in the special book called \"Members of the association X\" (Miembros de la asociación tal). In that book, the names of those who join the association shall be included in the order of their admission, indicating in each case, the admission agreement. Cancellations of registrations, which shall be made in accordance with and in the manner provided by the Bylaws, shall be indicated in the same book, noting in the admission entry a marginal reference indicating the entry where it is recorded that the member has lost their rights. Operations shall be made by entries numbered in consecutive order and must be signed by the Secretary.\n\nCHAPTER III\nConstitution\n\nArticle 18.- Every association shall be constituted by no fewer than ten persons of legal age, either by granting a public deed or by means of minutes on official paper of the inaugural session or sessions. In both cases, the document must contain the approved Bylaws and the appointment of the board of directors (directiva). However, in the second case, the document must be signed by that board of directors, whose signatures shall be authenticated by a lawyer or by the political authority of the locality.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nArticle 19.- To proceed with registration, the respective document must be submitted, along with two copies on plain paper or photocopies, to the Governor (Gobernador) of the province corresponding to the association's legal domicile. In the smaller cantons and districts, the documentation may be submitted to the local political authority, so that they may forward it to that governor's office. This office shall initiate a file on the association with one of the copies, and shall forward the other copy as well as the original document to the Ministry of Governance.\n\nThe Ministry shall examine the documentation to establish whether the legal requirements and other relevant provisions are met. If it finds it defective or incomplete, it shall communicate this, pointing out the errors, to the President of the Board of Directors, through the political authority of the latter's legal domicile. Once the errors or omissions are corrected, or if there were none, the Ministry shall order the publication of a notice in the Official Gazette (Diario Oficial) reporting the constitution of the association, its name, purposes, legal domicile, and legal representative, and summoning, for fifteen business days from its publication, any interested party to formulate objections to the registration in process.\n\nOnce that term has expired without any opposition, or if any opposition filed has been dismissed, the association shall be registered. The reason for registration shall be recorded on the original document, and the same shall be done on the respective copy or photocopy, which shall be returned to the interested parties.\n\nIf the registration is denied due to a valid opposition or for any other reason, it shall be published in \"La Gaceta\", shall be final, and shall exhaust the administrative remedy.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nArticle 20.- Partial or total amendments to the Bylaws must undergo the same procedures indicated in the preceding article and shall have no effect with respect to third parties as long as they are not registered in the \"Registry of Associations\".\n\nThe dissolution of an association must also be registered in the cited Registry and published in the Official Gazette.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nCHAPTER IV\nOperation\n\nArticle 21.- The administrative and fiscal term of associations shall last one year. In the first fortnight of each term of the association, the assembly shall meet ordinarily to hear the reports of the President, the Oversight Officer (Fiscal), and the Treasurer, regarding the activities during the immediately preceding term.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 4583 of May 4, 1970)\n\nArticle 22.- In addition to the book indicated in Article 17, and without prejudice to other records and books they deem convenient to maintain, associations must keep a book of minutes of the General Assembly and the Board of Directors, in charge of the Secretary, and accounting books in charge of the Treasurer. These books must be authorized by the Governor of the respective province.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nArticle 23.- Associations may have their own premises or open one for their meetings or the fulfillment of their purposes. However, when illicit acts, offenses against morality or good customs, or disorders are carried out in that venue, the authority may order the closure of the premises.\n\nPartisan political meetings, conferences, and any type of demonstrations are prohibited in the referred premises, as is facilitating the venue for that type of act.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 4583 of May 4, 1970)\n\nArticle 24.- The President shall be the judicial and extrajudicial representative of the association and shall have the powers of a general power of attorney, unless the Bylaws restrict those powers, in which case they shall have those granted to them. The Treasurer shall safeguard the association's funds, upon providing the guarantees determined by the Bylaws, and the Oversight Officer shall ensure that the bodies of the association strictly observe the requirements of the law and the Bylaws.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 4583 of May 4, 1970)\n\nArticle 25.- Associations that establish a mutual fund in favor of the members must semiannually formalize the income and expense account and communicate it to the members, and must cover the administration of those funds with a fidelity bond.\n\nArticle 26.- Associations may acquire all kinds of property, enter into contracts of any nature, and carry out lawful operations of all types, aimed at achieving their purposes.\n\nDonations, subsidies, transfers of movable and immovable property, or other economic contributions from the State or its institutions must be audited by the Comptroller General of the Republic (Contraloría General de la República) and duly settled by the beneficiary Association before the controlling entity, according to the purposes envisioned and the principles of sound administration.\n\nIf the corresponding settlements are not submitted within the month following the close of the fiscal year, the controlling entity shall officially inform the respective active administration thereof, and at the same time, the non-compliant association shall be barred from receiving funds from the State or its institutions until it satisfies the required information.\n\n(As amended by the sole article of Act No. 8007 of July 4, 2000)\n\nArticle 26 bis- The Community Water and Sewer Systems Administrative Associations (Asociaciones Administradoras de Sistemas de Acueductos y Alcantarillados Comunales), created under clause g) of Article 2 of Act No. 2726, the Constitutive Act of the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers (Ley Constitutiva del Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados), of April 14, 1961, and governed by the Regulations for Community Water and Sewer Systems Administrative Associations (Reglamento de las Asociaciones Administradoras de Sistemas de Acueductos y Alcantarillados Comunales), are authorized to receive subsidies, donations of movable and immovable property, economic contributions, or services of any kind from the Branches of the Republic, the institutional decentralized public sector, and the territorial decentralized public sector. These donations must be fully reinvested in the provision of public services and cannot be considered dividends, as a way of strengthening cooperation in the administration, maintenance, operation, and development of community aqueducts.\n\nIn the event of dissolution of the ASADA (Asociación Administradora de Sistemas de Acueductos y Alcantarillados Comunales), all assets required for the continuity of the service, including land and easements (servidumbres), duly registered in the name of the ASADA, must be transferred to the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers (AyA), for the purpose of ensuring they continue to be used in the provision of services for the community for which they were acquired or built. These assets transferred to the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers (AyA) shall be incorporated into the public domain, as provided in Article 18 of the Constitutive Act of AyA.\n\n(Thus added by the sole article of the Act to Authorize the Public Administration to Make Donations to the Community Water and Sewer Systems Administrative Associations, No. 10698 of May 6, 2025)\n\nArticle 27.- The judicial authority shall be the only one competent to decree, before the expiration of the natural term, the dissolution of the associations constituted in accordance with this Act, when requested by two-thirds or more of the members or when the circumstances indicated in subsections a), c), d), and e) of Article 13 exist. Once the dissolution is decreed, the procedure indicated in Article 14 shall be followed, and the Court shall communicate it to the Registry of Associations for the registration of that circumstance.\n\n(As amended by Article 35 of the Act on the Liability of Legal Persons for Domestic Bribery, Transnational Bribery, and Other Crimes, No. 9699 of June 10, 2019)\n\nArticle 28.- It corresponds to the Executive Branch to decree the dissolution of the association in the cases determined by Article 34. Once such dissolution is decreed, the Judge shall proceed in the manner indicated in the preceding article.\n\nArticle 29.- To accredit the legal representation of the association after its constitution, the appointment of the Board of Directors shall be registered by means of notarization (protocolización) of the respective minutes, or by means of a faithful copy of those minutes on official paper, signed by the President and the Secretary thereof, and authenticated by a lawyer or the political authority of the locality. For its registration, a fiscal stamp in the amount of twenty colones must be attached to those documents.\n\nThe certification of the respective entry shall accredit the legal representation of its representative for all legal purposes.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nCHAPTER V\nSpecial Forms of Association\n\nArticle 30.- Associations formed by the union of two or more associations with legal personality may be constituted. In the foregoing cases, the new entity shall acquire legal personality independent of the legal personality of the entities that compose it.\n\nThis form of association shall be distinguished by the terms \"federation\" (federación), \"league\" (liga), or \"union\" (unión), which must be included in their name and which simple associations may not use.\n\nFederated associations may, in turn, constitute under the same conditions a new form of association that shall compulsorily bear the name \"confederation\" (confederación), a term reserved exclusively for this class of entities.\n\nArticle 31.- The formalities for the formation of these federations and confederations shall be the same as those determined in this Act for associations, and it shall be the Bylaws of these new entities that determine the relationship of one to another.\n\nArticle 32.- Simple, federated, or confederated associations, whose development or activity is particularly useful for the interests of the State and fulfills a social need, may be declared of public utility (utilidad pública) when they so request from the (*)Ministry of Justice and Peace (Ministerio de Justicia y Paz) and it deems it appropriate. To achieve this benefit, the associations must have been registered for at least three years and operate legally in the service of the community.\n\nAssociations recognized as being of public utility may enjoy the administrative and economic franchises and concessions that the Executive Branch grants them to fulfill their purposes. The (*)Ministry of Justice and Peace may revoke this benefit at any time if the reasons for which it was granted disappear. This Ministry shall maintain the controls of the associations declared of public utility and shall require annual reports from them.\n\n(As amended by Article 67 of the Comprehensive Act for the Older Adult Person, No. 7935 of October 25, 1999)\n\n(*)(Its name modified by Article 3 of Act No. 8771 of September 14, 2009)\n\nArticle 32 bis- Costa Rican Red Cross (Cruz Roja Costarricense)\n\nThe Meritorious Costa Rican Red Cross (Benemérita Cruz Roja Costarricense) is recognized as an association of public interest (interés público) due to its sui generis condition originating from international humanitarian law. The National Registry shall give priority treatment to the proceedings submitted by the Costa Rican Red Cross Association, in order to guarantee the continuity of its operations and the humanitarian service it provides throughout the national territory; the foregoing, without detriment to registry principles.\n\n(Thus added by Article 18 of the Costa Rican Red Cross Act, No. 10632 of January 28, 2025)\n\nCHAPTER VI\nSanctions\n\nArticle 33.- Those who maintain an association in a hidden or secret manner, even if their purposes are lawful, shall be punished with a fine of two to thirty days (días multa).\n\nThe Secretary or Treasurer of an association who does not keep their books sealed, or keeps them more than six months behind, or refuses to present them upon the request of the competent authority, shall be punished with a fine of two to thirty days.\n\nThose who re-offend in the offenses listed in the preceding subsections shall be penalized with a fine of thirty to sixty days.\n\nMembers of the Board of Directors who allow the association's funds to be used, or activities to be carried out, for purposes other than those indicated in the Bylaws as proper to the entity, or allow acts prohibited by Article 23 to take place on the premises, shall be penalized with a fine of thirty to sixty days.\n\n(As amended by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nArticle 33 bis.- According to the severity of the offense, the courts of justice may declare disqualified from creating new organizations of a similar nature for up to ten years, those who, having been directors of a social welfare association, have committed crimes to the detriment of the organization.\n\n(Thus added by Article 68 of the Comprehensive Act for the Older Adult Person, No. 7935 of October 25, 1999)\n\nArticle 34.- Associations shall be considered illicit and consequently their dissolution decreed, when:\n\n1st.- Repeatedly, their leaders have been warned by the Governor's Office that they fall under subsection 2nd of the preceding article, without such requirements having been addressed.\n2nd.- It appears that they engage in activities sanctioned by repressive laws or contrary to morality or good customs, or that are subversive.\n3rd.- It appears that the association was formed to conceal purposes other than those stated in the Bylaws.\n\nArticle 35.- The members of the governing body of every association are obliged to demand compliance with the duties and requirements set forth in this Act from the entity's officials, and shall be considered co-perpetrators if it is not recorded in the minute books that they have requested, in a session of that body, compliance with the referred obligations, and that, if not heeded, they did not denounce the improper procedures of those officials before the assembly. They shall be exempt from liability if they bring the facts to the attention of the Governor, once the governing body has disregarded their complaints. The officials of the association who receive a sentence for any of the offenses or crimes punished herein shall be automatically expelled from the entity from the moment the crime is punished.\n\nPresidential House.-San José, on the eighth day of August, nineteen hundred thirty-nine.\n\nArticle 36.- Every association may transform into another entity, provided that the requirements demanded by law to establish the latter are met, with an amendment to the Bylaws that shall be notarized if the requirement of a public deed is necessary, or with a faithful copy of that amendment otherwise, but it must be signed by the Board of Directors and those signatures authenticated by a lawyer or the political authority of the locality. In all cases, the provisions of Article 225 of the Code of Commerce shall apply, where applicable.\n\n(Thus added by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nArticle 37.- From the effective date of this Act, no associations shall be registered in the Public Registry (Registro Público).\n\n(Thus added by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)\n\nTransitory.- Entities dedicated exclusively to religious activities registered in the Public Registry as partnerships/corporations (sociedades) may transform into associations by fulfilling the requirements demanded by this Act. The assets they have registered in their name in the Public Property Registry (Registro Público de la Propiedad) shall be transferred to the new association in the same act of granting its creation, at the request of its legal representative. To avail themselves of the benefits of this article, the interested parties must previously demonstrate the nature of their activities through an ad perpetuam information proceeding, conducted before the competent judicial authority, with the intervention of the Office of the Attorney General of the Republic (Procuraduría General de la República). The judge shall decide on the admissibility of the transformation.\n\nOnce this is authorized, the notary before whom the respective grant is made must attest to that circumstance.\n\n(Thus added by Article 1 of Act No. 5116 of November 20, 1972)\n\nSole Transitory.- Associations already registered in the Public Registry must re-register in the Registry of Associations, by means of certification of the respective entry and its modifications, or by means of a new constitution, within the two years following the effective date of this Act. If for any reason their term has expired or the registration has lapsed, they may equally re-register with the referred certification provided that the political authority of their legal domicile reports that the association is functioning. Prior to its registration, the Ministry may require that the amendments to the Bylaws it deems pertinent be made so that they conform to the law. Once the referred two-year term has expired, the associations already registered that have not re-registered shall cease to be in force, unless they had initiated the re-registration proceedings during that term, without prejudice to a new constitution in accordance with this Act. Once the re-registration request is made, for all legal effects, the association shall be considered to be in force. The re-registration shall pay a fiscal stamp of fifty colones. Associations whose registration was pending in the Public Registry when this Act took effect may be withdrawn from that office, without refund of any sum, to be registered in the Registry of Associations, or they may be transferred to the latter for the same purpose by the cited office, canceling the presentation entry. In such cases, if the registration fees are paid in an amount equal to or greater than one hundred colones, it shall not be necessary to pay the fiscal stamp indicated in Article 5, but if the fees paid do not reach that amount, it must be completed up to one hundred colones with a fiscal stamp.\n\n(Thus added by Article 1 of Act No. 6020 of January 3, 1977)" }